高原气象

高原气象 >

2019 , Vol. 38 >Issue 1: 179 - 186

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00071

论文

基于地下水位变化的荒漠河岸林蒸散估算

  • 张经天 ,
  • 席海洋 ,
  • 王春林 ,
  • 李培都
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  • 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室/阿拉善荒漠生态-水文试验研究站, 甘肃 兰州 730000;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期: 2018-05-17

  网络出版日期: 2019-02-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（41101026）；中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划）区域重点项目（敦煌洪水资源化利用与生态治理试验示范）

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Estimation of Evapotranspiration of Riparian Forests in the Desert Region from Diurnal Fluctuation of Groundwater Levels

  • ZHANG Jingtian ,
  • XI Haiyang ,
  • WANG Chunlin ,
  • LI Peidu
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  • Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Alxa Desert Ecohydrological Experimental Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2018-05-17

  Online published: 2019-02-28

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摘要

深根植物生长季蒸腾耗水是河岸林消耗地下水的主要方式之一，是荒漠绿洲水分循环的重要环节，因而有效估算荒漠河岸林蒸散对于河岸林管理具有重要的意义。本研究利用地下水位日波动方法对额济纳绿洲荒漠河岸林进行了蒸散估算研究，结果表明基于地下水日波动方法估算得到的七道桥胡杨林蒸散量与涡度相关和FAO-PM方法得到的蒸散结果变化趋势较为一致，且显著相关，说明地下水位日波动方法可以用于估算极端干旱的荒漠河岸林下的植被蒸散发量。最后探讨了考虑植物夜间蒸腾的地下水位日波动方法，新方法的蒸散估算较原始地下水位日波动方法的蒸散估算占涡度观测蒸散的比例从70%提高到了90%。

关键词： 荒漠河岸林; 蒸散; 地下水位; 地下水位日波动法

本文引用格式

张经天 , 席海洋 , 王春林 , 李培都 . 基于地下水位变化的荒漠河岸林蒸散估算[J]. 高原气象, 2019 , 38(1) : 179 -186 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00071

Abstract

Evapotranspiration of phreatophytes in the riparian is one of key important component of hydrologic cycle in desert oasis ecosystem. It is also the most dominant driver of groundwater consumption and diurnal fluctuation of groundwater levels. Understandings of the magnitude and variability of the evapotranspiration of phreatophytes in riparian forests are of key important for management of riparian forests. In this paper, the diurnal groundwater level fluctuations method is used to estimate the groundwater evapotranspiration in riparian forests of Ejina oasis. The results show that estimated groundwater evapotranspiration of the populous euphrarica in Qidaoqiao conservation area is consistent with the observed evapotranspiration using Eddy covariance method and with that estimated from the FAO-PM model. The correlation coefficients between estimated evapotranspiration from diurnal groundwater level fluctuations and observed evapotranspiration is strong and significant (p < 0.01). It indicates that estimated groundwater evapotranspiration of the desert riparian forests using the diurnal groundwater level fluctuations is reliable. This method was applied to estimate the evapotranspiration estimations of three different vegetation covers in the study area. When the nocturnal transpiration of populous euphrarica was considered, the ratio of estimated groundwater evapotranspiration to the observed evapotranspiration of populous euphrarica in the Qidaoqiao conservation area increased from 70% to 90% in the growing season of 2015, which indicates that nocturnal transprition is very important for accurate estimation of total evapotranspiration of the phreatophytes in the desert oasis ecosystem.

Key words： Desert riparian fore; evapotranspiration; groundwater level; diurnal groundwater

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