高原气象

高原气象 >

2020 , Vol. 39 >Issue 1: 24 - 36

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2019.00022

论文

1961 -2014年青藏高原积雪时空特征及其影响因子

  • 姜琪 ,
  • 罗斯琼 ,
  • 文小航 ,
  • 吕世华
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  • <sup>1.</sup>成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 四川 成都 610225;<sup>2.</sup>中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000

收稿日期: 2018-12-05

  网络出版日期: 2020-02-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41975096);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105)

收起

Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Snow and Influence Factors in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2014

  • Qi JIANG ,
  • Siqiong LUO ,
  • Xiaohang WEN ,
  • Shihua Lü
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  • <sup>1.</sup>School of Atmospheric Sciences, Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Information Technology, , Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China;<sup>2.</sup>Key Laboratory for Land Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Ecological and Environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received date: 2018-12-05

  Online published: 2020-02-28

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摘要

利用青藏高原（下称高原）1961 -2014年地面110个气象站积雪深度、 积雪日数、 气温和降水逐日资料, 系统地分析了高原积雪深度和积雪日数时空特征, 并进一步探究了高原积雪深度和积雪日数与气候因子和地理因子之间的关系。研究发现: 1961 -2014年高原年平均积雪深度和积雪日数分别为0.26 cm和23.78 d, 空间和季节尺度上分布不均匀, 且积雪深度和积雪日数大值并不完全重合; 在整体变化趋势上, 积雪深度和积雪日数均呈缓慢下降趋势, 分别为-0.0080±0.0086 cm·(10a)-1（p=0.36）和-0.64±0.47 d·(10a)-1（p=0.17）, 但在数理统计上不显著, 且各站点差异性大; 积雪深度和积雪日数在春季、 冬季和年表现为“减-增-减”的年代际变化特征, 而在秋季为“增-减”的变化特征; 气温与积雪深度和积雪日数均有较好的相关性, 冬季的降水与积雪深度和积雪日数高度相关; 积雪深度和积雪日数随海拔呈增加趋势, 积雪日数与纬度也高度相关, 但积雪深度与纬度的相关性不明显。

关键词： 青藏高原; 积雪深度; 积雪日数; 时空特征

本文引用格式

姜琪 , 罗斯琼 , 文小航 , 吕世华 . 1961 -2014年青藏高原积雪时空特征及其影响因子[J]. 高原气象, 2020 , 39(1) : 24 -36 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2019.00022

Abstract

Using observed daily data, which include the snow depth, the number of snow?cover days, temperature and precipitation data, from 110 meteorological stations over the Qinghai?Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2014, the spatial?temporal characteristics of the snow depth and the number of snow?cover days in Qinghai?Tibetan Plateau were analyzed and the relationship between them and climatic and geographical factors were explored.The results showed the annual average of the snow depth and the number of snow?cover days were 0.26 cm and 23.78 d, respectively.And the distribution was uneven on the spatial and seasonal scales.The great value of the snow depth and the number of snow?cover days did not completely coincide.As for trend analysis, both the depth and the number of days with snow cover showed a slow decline trend, which was -0.0080±0.0086 cm·(10a)-1 (p=0.36) and -0.64±0.47 d·(10a)-1 (p=0.17), respectively.But the trend was not significant in mathematical statistics.The trend varied significantly from stations to stations.The snow depth and the number of snow?cover days in spring, winter and annual were characterized by the interdecadal variation of “decrease?increase?decrease”, while it showed “increasing?decreasing” in autumn.Temperature highly corresponded to the snow depth and the number of snow?cover days while precipitation was highly correlated with the snow depth and the number of snow?cover days in winter.The depth and days of snow cover decreased with the increase of sea level altitude.Latitude showed a high correlation with the number of snow?cover days while the correlation with the snow depth was not obvious.

Key words： Qinghai?Tibetan Plat; the snow depth; the number of snow?c; spatial?temporal cha

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