Using the day-by-day average temperature，maximum temperature，and minimum temperature data from a total of 70 ground-based conventional observatories in the Northwest Sichuan Ecological Demonstration Area as well as its peripheral areas from 1961 to 2022，and adopting the climatic propensity rate，EOF（Empirical Orthogonal Function）analysis method，and Morlet complex wavelet method，we analyzed the temporal and spatial change characteristics of the extreme temperature indices in the Northwest Sichuan and its peripheral areas，and the results show that：（1）The extreme temperature warm indices and extreme value indices in the study area show an increasing trend，the extreme temperature cold indices show a decreasing trend，and the DTR（Diurnal Temperature Range）change is not obvious；the warm and cold indices have similar magnitude of change， the rate of change of the night indices is greater than that of the day indices，and the climate change of the extreme temperature indices of the neighboring areas is more significant compared to that of Northwest Sichuan. （2）Extreme temperature indices in Northwest Sichuan have 2~3 main cycles in 2~30 years；neighboring areas have 2~3 main cycles in 2~20 years. Most of the indices in Northwest Sichuan have a sudden change of cycle around 2000，and the frequency of alternation between short and medium cycles is increasing. The cycles of FD0 （Frost Days），TN10P（Cold Nights），TX10P（Cold Days），and CSDI（Cold Spell Duration）in the neighboring regions changed abruptly around 1990，and the frequency of short- and medium-cycle alternation decreased；the cycle changes of the extreme temperature indices in Northwest Sichuan have lagged compared with those in the neighboring regions.（3）TNx（Max TN），TXx（Max TX），and TR20（Tropical Nights ）show an increasing trend in the northern part of the study area；TXn（Min TX）shows an increasing trend in the eastern part of NW Sichuan as well as in the neighboring areas；ID0（Ice Days）and TN10P decrease over the whole area；FD0 de‐ creases in NW Sichuan and increases in the neighboring areas；TNn（Min TN），TN90P（Warm Nights），and DTR decrease in NW Sichuan and increase in the neighboring areas；CSDI and SU25（Summer Days）increase in the east and decrease in the west，and WSDI（Warm Spell Duration）is the opposite. CSDI and SU25 increased in the east and decreased in the west in the study area，while WSDI was the opposite.（4）In the study area，the extreme temperature cold indices mainly show a decreasing trend，the extreme value indices change less，and the rest of the indices mainly show an increasing trend；the overall warming trend is shown，and the indices change in the study area respond well to the global warming，with the peripheral areas showing more significant changes.