Current Issue

• THE DYNAMICAL CHARACTERS OF LOCAL BLOCKING HIGH AND DIPOLE BLOCKING IN THE ATMOSPHERE
• Luo Dehai
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 1-13. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (451KB) ( )
• In general, there is a weak high pressure ridge over the initial position of local blocking formation, the high pressure ridge can be developed into local blocking high or dipole blocking In this paper, the basic circulation of weak high pressure ridge before local blocking forming can be considered as zonal westerlies with anticyclonic shear, on the basis of that, the solitary Rossby wave theory is used to study the dynamical characters of local blocking high and dipole blocking and their differences, and some results are obtained as well.

• A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CONDUCTIVE AND CONVECTIVE SOIL HEAT FLUX
• Fan Xingang;Tang Maocang
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 14-19. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (221KB) ( )
• The heat flux including the conductive and the convective heat flux has been calculated by using soil temperature data of meteorological stations.The order of magnitudes of convective heat flux is 10 ¹-10 ² mW/m ², it is the same as conductive heat flux.From the series of heat flux of single station, it can be seen that geothermal energy has been accumulating continuously before the eruption of earthquakes.

• NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIFFERENT OROGRAPHY AND UNDERLYING SURFACE ON DEVELOPMENT OF A WINTER MEDITERRANEAN CYCLONE
• Cheng Linsheng;Peng Xindong;Chou Jifan
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 20-27. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (315KB) ( )
• A possible mechanism for the genesis and development of a winter Mediterranean cyclone was investigated through a method of a numerical model and simulation The results of both the control and constrast experiments indicated that the lee side of the Alps was in favour of the genesis of the cyclone;however, without substantial effect on development of the winter Mediterranean cyclone when there are or without both the Alps and the Atlas The experimental results of replacing underlying surfaces showed that the Mediterranean Sea in winter, which as a diabatic heating source, played an important role for development of this cyclone;the developing intensity of Mediterranean cyclone was markedly weakened when the Mediterranean Sea was replaced by the land or desert The experimental results of replacing orography indicated that the development of the Mediterranean cyclone was obviously intensified when the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau was moved to locate at the west Mediterranean Sea and to match properly between the moved Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and Mediterranean Sea.

• THE BUDGETS OF ROTATIONAL AND DIVERGENT COMPONENT OF KINETIC ENERGY FOR SUBSYNOPTIC SCALE VORTEX AT THE MEI-YU FRONT
• Wang Zhongxing;Liu Yong
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 28-34. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (363KB) ( )
• Base on the budget equations of KR and KD in quasi-Lagrange coordinates system, the energy budgets of subsynoptic scale vortex in the developing and mature stages are computed The results show that in above stages the source and sink of KR and KD are same in the lower, the source and sink of KR is same and KD is different in upper the source and sink of KD is same and KR is different in middle troposphere.

• THE CORRELATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN TAIWAN AND DROUGHT/FLOODIN THE EAST OF CHINA DURING RECENTLY 40 YEARS
• Tang Maocang;Zhang Jian;Yang Liang
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 35-43. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (366KB) ( )
• When the strong earthquake(M _s≥70) was huppened in Taiwan, the drought will be happened over the southeast China in the same year. According to the different locations of earthquakes in the East Asia, it may be divided into 3 types, they are corresponding to flood in the North China, dronght in the North China and flood in the Yangtze and Huai Rivers, respectively. Finally, in this paper, the possible causes of the relationship between earthquake and dronght/flood was discussed briefly.

• RECOGNITION MODEL OF HAIL CLOUD BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK B-P ALGORITHM AND ITS RESULTS VERIFICATION
• Li Zuoyong;Deng Xinmin;Zhang Huijun
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 44-49. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (209KB) ( )
• In this paper, based on the Back-Propagation(B-P) algorithm of neural network, some recognition models of hail cloud with 3 and 4 parameters are formulated by using the data of radar echo and part radiosonde over Chengdu, Neijiang and Luzhou Results of analysis and verification indicate that the models of hail cloud recognition formulated by B-P algorithm possess not only good fitting ratio and forecasting accuracy, but also superiority comparing with other methods because of self-organization, self-learning and self-adaptability.

• THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE INDEX OF LOW-FREQUENCY GRAVITATIONAL WAVE AND HEAVY RAIN PROCEED FROM DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHWEST VORTEX
• Ma Zhenfeng
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 50-56. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (244KB) ( )
• Based on the index method of low-frequency gravitational wave, diagnosis and forecast on the development of southwest vortex, intensity and area of heavy rain are discussed in this paper. The main results are as follow: (1) Development of SW vortex and heavy rain caused by SW vortex in the future 24 hours can be forecasted by the index of low-frequency gravitational wave ( C _p ^* and C _i ^*). (2) There is correspondent relation between the variation of index of low-frequency gravitational wave with the time and development of SW vortex. (3) The values of index of low-frequency gravitational wave is also relating to the intensity of heavy rain proceed from SW vortex. (4) The area of heavy rain usually occurs in maximum negative areas of the index C _p ^*, C _i ^* and maximum gradient areas of C _p ^* isoline.

• EFFECT OF CLOUD ON THE SURFACE EFFECTIVE RADIATION OVER THE QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAUⅠ COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
• Wang Keli;Zhong Qiang;Hou Ping
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 57-64. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (285KB) ( )
• The spatial-temporal variation characteristics of the surface effective radiation( F) and the relationship between F and cloud cover/type over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were investigated based on the observed surface radiation data during the period from August 1982 to July 1983 The results show that cloud is a major factor of modulating F and F is quadratic function of cloud cover in the form of quadratic three-term formula The effect of cloud type on F is obvious and the effect is greater for middle cloud(As) and less for high cloud(Ci).

• A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON FACTORS CONTROLLING VARIATION OF GLACIER NO 1 AT THE SOURCE OF URUMQI RIVER
• Ji Zhongping;Tang Maocang
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 65-74. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (362KB) ( )
• Through analysis on the data of annual mass balance of Glacier No 1 at the source of Ürümqi River, monthly mean air temperature and precipitation data observed at Daxigou meteorological station in Tianshan Mountains and its surrounding, monthly mean soil temperature data at Urumqi, earth rotation velocity, El Nino, earthquakes happened in the south and the north of Tianshan Mountains, the relationship between the mass balance and controlling factors are carefully discussed. It is shows that the decelerating of earth rotation velocity, the happening of El Nino and earthquakes happened in the south of Tianshan Mountains are corresponded with positive mass balance; the correlation coefficients of air temperature and precipitation between Daxigou and its surrounding stations are calculated and analysed, and they are lowest between Daxigou and three basins, especially precipitation presents nagative correlation, therefore the climatic variation in the inside of Tianshan can't be infered by using the data of three basins.

• SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSFER OF THE TURBULENT FLUXES FOR THE STRONG CONVECTION WEATHER OVER THE WESTERN PACIFIC TROPICAL REGION
• Qu Shaohou;Lin Xigui
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 75-83. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (262KB) ( )
• In this paper, some characteristics of horizontal transfer and vertical exchange of turbulent fluxes for the strong convection weather over the Western Pacific Tropical Region are described On the basis of atmosphere and ocean data observed by R/V "Shi Yan 3" in the TOGA-COARE IOP (Nov 1992 Feb 1993), it is calculated by using the bulk aerodynamic transfer formulas as a function of wind speed and atmospheric stratification In addition it with the characteristics of the transfer and the exchange of turbulent fluxes for the stationary weather and the westerly burst are compared Besides, the more exact computation methods for the drag coefficient and the austausch coefficients of sensible heat and latent heat are also discussed.

• THE SENSITIVITY OF THE COMPUTED RADIATIVE FLUXES AND HEATING RATES TO THE VERTICAL LAYERS
• Wei Li;Zhong Qiang;Hou Ping
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 84-93. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (346KB) ( )
• A one-dimensional radiative transfer model has been used to study the impact of the vertical layers in the model on the computed radiative fluxes and heating rates for indicating the necessary of selecting the proper vertical layers in the application of the radiative transfer codes It is shown that IR radiative fluxes and heating rates are sensitive to the change of the vertical layers The maximum deviation of the radiative flux occurs in the middle layers of the troposphere For the middle-latitude atmosphere, the value is 14 W/m ² (relative deviation 6%) The deviation of IR cooling rate is more manifestative in the lower layers and its maximum value can reach 1 0℃/day The vertical layers have a much more obvious impact on the heating rates in the surface layers over the Plateau region where the maximum deviation can reach 2 8℃/day, and even may have the different signs.

• THERMODIFFUSION EFFECT OF VAPOUR IN ATMOSPHERE
• Zhang Xuewen
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 94-101. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (276KB) ( )
• In this paper, it is pointed out that there is a serious departure between the real vertical distribution of vapour and its static equilibrium relation and a nice linear relation in the vertical direction between specific humidity (logarithm) and pressure (logarithm) in the mean atmosphere The above facts could be explained quantitatively by the thermodiffusion effect in physics The thermodiffusion effect causes the vapour to move to the warm side in air By using thermodiffusion effect, we can explain the vapour source of precipitation nearby the front and the typhoon This effect also let us to check for the general image of vapour circulation in atmosphere.

• DISCUSSION OF SEVERAL PROBLEMS ON ATMOSPHERIC EQUATION OF VERTICAL MOTION
• Ren Zhenqiu;Niu Tao
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 102-105. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (149KB) ( )
• In this paper, the neglect of little quantums in scale analysis on atmospheric equation of vertical motion were reconsidered We point out that, there could exists vertical geostrophic equilibrium just as the horizontal geostrophic equilibrium It may have existed multistage equilibriums in the atmospheric vertical direction:the first level equilibrium is static equilibrium;the second one is vertical geostrophic equilibrium between the static deviation and the vertical Coriolis force;and the third one possibly exists, which is the equilibrium between the vertical geostrophic deviation and the gravity anomaly Finally, the gravity anomaly deviation can be the same magnitude with the vertical acceleration of atmospheric planet wave and the vertical component of tide-forming force.

• INVERTED ATMOSPHERIC AVERAGE ELECTRIC FIELD MILL
• Xiao Zhenghua;Hui Shide;Xiao Qingfu;Zhang Xiaoyan
• 1994 Vol. 13 (1): 106-112. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (204KB) ( )
• In order to build a ground electric field mill network of the forewarning system of thunderstorms, a inverted atmospheric average electric field mill has been developed It can operate in the severe weather condition and has the characteristics of smaller power consumption, unipolar output and remote control input In this paper, the technological specifications of this instrument, the mill configuration, the circuit principle and circuit characteristics are described Finally, the calibration and the ambient experimental methods of the instrument were briefly introduced.