Model Study of Relationship between Updraft Core and Graupel Non-inductive Charging Regions

WANG Fei;ZHANG Yijun;ZHENG Dong

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Plateau Meteorology
Plateau Meteorology ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3) : 834-843. DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00009

Model Study of Relationship between Updraft Core and Graupel Non-inductive Charging Regions

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Abstract

Using a 3-D charging-discharging cloud resolution model,an isolated thunderstorm was simulated based on the sounding data in Beijing for investigating the spatial relationship between the updraft core(where the updraft speed Wmax >5 m·s-1)and the Graupel Non-inductive Charging Region(GNCR)when the maximum updraft speed was greater than 5 m·s-1.The characteristics of updraft in GNCR were also analyzed.The results showed that the GNCR was mainly distributed within and around the updraft core.The non-inductive charging processes in the GNCR always had a Relatively High Charging Efficiency(RHCE)with the absolute value greater than 0.1 nC·m-3.Even when the updraft of the cell reached peak,graupel in the region of updraft center can still obtain charge through the non-inductive charging processes.But too strong updraft speed was disadvantageous for appearance of More Efficient Non-inductive Charging Efficiency(MENCE),which absolute value was greater than 0.5 nC·m-3.In this simulation case,the RHCE almost appeared only when the maximum updraft speed was higher than 5 m·s-1.The regions with RHCE were usually distributed in the regions with the updraft speed range from -4 m·s-1 to 28 m·s-1.Although the area with MENCE would extend wider and its position would be closer to the updraft center while the maximum updraft speed became stronger,the center of the area with MENCE never overlapped with the updraft center,and always appeared in the region with the updraft speed less than 20 m·s-1.Additionally,the height of updraft speed center was approximately coincident with the height of inverted temperature.It could be used to separate the regions where graupels obtained negative and positive charges respectively through the non-inductive charging processes in operation in the future:during most of the time the updraft core existing,graupel in the regions near or above this height will obtain negative charge dominantly, graupel in the regions beneath this height will be charged by positive charge.

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Updraft core / Updraft center / Non-inductive chargi

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WANG Fei , ZHANG Yijun , ZHENG Dong. Model Study of Relationship between Updraft Core and Graupel Non-inductive Charging Regions. Plateau Meteorology. 2016, 35(3): 834-843 https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00009

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