Study on the Causes for a Typhoon Torrential Rain over the East Coast of Shandong Peninsular

LIU Yichen;ZHOU Weican;CHANG Yu;QU Xuebin

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Plateau Meteorology
Plateau Meteorology ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6) : 1684-1695. DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00113

Study on the Causes for a Typhoon Torrential Rain over the East Coast of Shandong Peninsular

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As one of the regions with high frequent typhoon and heavy rain in China, Shandong Peninsula annually has July, August and September as its peak season of typhoons. Based on the data from the NCEP reanalysis (1°×1°), the FY-2E satellite cloud pictures and the data from 123 automatic meteorological stations in Shandong province, the rainstorm process of Typhoon "Chan-hom" over the east coast of Shandong Peninsula in mid July 2015 is analyzed. The research shows that the high latitude circulation interaction with typhoon circulation is the main cause of the typhoon heavy rain. To be specific, after the dry cold air in the east upper trough of high latitudes meets the warm humid air outside the west of the typhoon over the Shandong Peninsula, the surface cold pressure field there comes across a cold front invasion, resulting in favorable synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation conditions for the rainstorm over the east coast of the Peninsula. In the early period of precipitation, the water vapor source is abundant, but its transportation condition is poor. This condition improves with typhoon circulation, and so makes it possible to maintain heavy precipitation in the rainfall area. In the course of Typhoon Chan-hom moving northward, high energy tongue extends to the north and interacts with the dry and cold air in the north, leading to a large pseudo-equivalent potential temperature gradient. This large gradient area just covers the east side of the coastline of the Shandong Peninsula, which favors the generation of heavy rain. Moreover, the high and low air jet coupling as a strong dynamic condition accounts for the rainstorm occurrence. Moreover, on the north of the typhoon the convective cloud with its TBB under -40℃ develops but maintains for a long time, and the wind speed pulsates in the low-level jet. These phenomenon are crucial causes for the continuous heavy rainfall during the storm. Another reason for this heavy rain fall lies in the friction convergence caused by the sea-land difference on the east coast of the Peninsula. In this paper, the cases of typhoon "Muifa" No. 9 in 2011 and typhoon "Matmo" No. 10 in 2014 were compared with the case of typhoon "Chan-hom". Based on the study of rainstorm cases, it can be concluded that the coupling area of upper and lower-level jets can assist in predicting whether the heavy rainfall area is on the left front or the right front in the typhoon moving direction.

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Typhoon torrential r / circulation interact / high and low air jet

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LIU Yichen , ZHOU Weican , CHANG Yu , QU Xuebin. Study on the Causes for a Typhoon Torrential Rain over the East Coast of Shandong Peninsular. Plateau Meteorology. 2018, 37(6): 1684-1695 https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00113

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