Analysis of Thermal-Moisture Conditions of Active Layer and Energy-Water Balance of Land-Atmosphere System in Tanggula Area

Linmao GUO;Juan CHANG;Jian ZHOU;Hongliang XU

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Plateau Meteorology
Plateau Meteorology ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2) : 254-265. DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2019.00088

Analysis of Thermal-Moisture Conditions of Active Layer and Energy-Water Balance of Land-Atmosphere System in Tanggula Area

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Abstract

The thermal-moisture conditions of the active layer and the energy-water exchange between land-atmosphere system directly affect the ecological environment, hydrological process and the stability of the permafrost in cold regions.The soil temperature and moisture contents within the active layer at Tanggula station in 2007 were simulated by SHAW model.In terms of soil temperature, the Nash efficiency coefficient (NSE) is greater than 0.93, and the average value of the NSE between simulated and measured soil moisture is 0.69, indicating that the SHAW model can perfectly simulate the thermal-moisture dynamics within the active layer of permafrost regions.Based on the output of SHAW model, the variation characteristics of water dynamics and surface energy budget during the process of soil freezing and thawing in the active layer of Tanggula station were analyzed and discussed.Results showed that: (1) During the freezing and thawing process of the active layer, the soil moisture freezing and thawing response time gradually lagged with the increase of soil depth, and the water migration flux decreased with soil depth, and during the freezing period, the soil moisture has a characteristic of two-way convergence to the surface and deep layers; (2) Under the combined influence of the monsoon activities and the freezing-thawing process in the active layer, the surface energy budget showed obvious seasonal variation characteristics.The effect of vegetation on soil evapotranspiration in permafrost regions was investigated by changing the leaf area index in the vegetation input parameters of the SHAW model.Results showed that there was a positive correlation between vegetation transpiration, soil evaporation and total evapotranspiration and leaf area index of vegetation, while shallow soil moisture content (at 20 cm) showed a negative correlation when leaf area index varied from -100% (bare soil) to 100%, the total evapotranspiration varied from -5% to 13%.

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Qinghai-Tibetan Plat / SHAW model / active layer / energy balance / moisture dynamics / vegetation

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Linmao GUO , Juan CHANG , Jian ZHOU , Hongliang XU. Analysis of Thermal-Moisture Conditions of Active Layer and Energy-Water Balance of Land-Atmosphere System in Tanggula Area. Plateau Meteorology. 2020, 39(2): 254-265 https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2019.00088

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