Study on Circulation Features of Return-Flow and Related Precipitation Types during Cold Seasons in Shandong

  • ZHENG Lina ,
  • YANG Chengfang ,
  • LIU Chang
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  • School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;2. Dongying Meteorological Office of Shandong Province, Dongying 257091, China;3. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, China

Received date: 2015-02-02

  Online published: 2016-04-28

Abstract

Based on sounding and surface observation data of 36 return-flow precipitation cases and precipitation data in Jinan and Qingdao during 2000 to 2013, this paper reveals circulation features, vertial characteristics of temperature and height thickness of return-flow precipitation in Shandong province in winter, and return-flow synoptic situations are typed by warm layer in the middle troposphere and cold layer in lower troposphere. The results show that return-flow situations can be divided into three types of return-flowⅠ, return-flowⅡand thin return-flow, respectively. Thin return-flow is composed of thin cold return-flow and thin warm return-flow warm. To pure snowfall, temperature thresholds in inland are T850≤-4℃, T925≤-2℃, T1000≤0℃ or Tground≤1℃. It is more important that surface temperature is less than 0℃ in coastal areas. Whether in coastal region or inland, rain turns to sleet or snow when temperature indexes show that T850≤-3℃, T925≤-1℃, T1000≤0℃ or Tground≤1℃. Thickness clues are various during the pure snowfall that H850-1000 is from 127 to 130 dagpm and H500-700 is from 252 to 256 dagpm in return-flowⅠand return-flowⅡ. In addition, H925-1000 shows from 61 to 64 dagpm and H500-850 shows from 403 to 413 dagpm in thin cold return-flow air while H700-1000 embodies from 279 to 284 dagpm and H500-700 embodies from 250 to 260 dagpm in thin warm return-flow. When rain turns to snow, H850-1000 marks from 127 to 130 dagpm and H500-700 marks from 252 to 256 dagpm. But phase converted cases of thin return-flow are too little, thinkness indicators need to focus on later.

Cite this article

ZHENG Lina , YANG Chengfang , LIU Chang . Study on Circulation Features of Return-Flow and Related Precipitation Types during Cold Seasons in Shandong[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2016 , 35(2) : 520 -527 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00055

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