Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosols and Their Source in the Atmosphere during Summer in Lanzhou

ZHANG Xueying; WANG Xin; ZHOU Yue; WEI Hailun; PU Wei; SHI Jinsen; DAI Mingkai

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00103

Plateau Meteorology >

2017 , Vol. 36 >Issue 2: 528 - 537

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00103

Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosols and Their Source in the Atmosphere during Summer in Lanzhou

ZHANG Xueying ,
WANG Xin ,
ZHOU Yue ,
WEI Hailun ,
PU Wei ,
SHI Jinsen ,
DAI Mingkai

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Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2016-08-15

Online published: 2017-04-28

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Abstract

Organic Carbon (OC), Blakc Carbon (BC), and Elemental Carbon (EC) are major kinds of carbonaceous particles depended on their measurement techniques. We collected 40 samples during summer in Lanzhou by two kinds of filters (nuclepore filters with 0.4 μm pore sizes and quartz fiber filters with 1 μm pore sizes), respectively. The concentrations of OC, EC were measured by the thermal/optical method using DRI-2001A carbon analyzer with the IMPROVE-A temperature protocol, while the BC concentrations were measured by the Integrating Sphere/Integrating Sandwich Spectrophotometer (ISSW). The results indicated that the concentrations of BC and EC were affected by the sampling efficiency and different measurement techniques. Actually, for each kind of filters, there were 20 samples in the daytime and nighttime, respectively. There was a large variation of the BC concentrations at night. The average concentration of OC in the daytime was (3.90±1.23) μg·m^-3, higher than that of (3.35±1.24) μg·m^-3 at nighttime, but for EC, (1.07±0.46) μg·m^-3 at daytime, lower than that of (1.59±0.68) μg·m^-3 at nighttime. Through the backward trajectories analysis, we found that the air with short transport distance, slower move speed and sinking motion would accumulate the pollutant. On the contrast, long transport distance and faster move speed were conducive to the spread of pollutants. The high value (greater than 2) of OC/EC indicated that the concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was high, especially during the daytime in summer in Lanzhou. SOC made a major contribution to the mass of OC in the atmosphere with the concentration of (2.43±0.90) μg·m^-3 during the daytime, while in the nighttime the concentration of SOC was (1.16±0.73) μg·m^-3, they were about 62% and 35% of OC in the daytime and nighttime, respectively, which manifested that OC was dominated by primary sources at nighttime. In order to further determine the pollution sources, we separated EC into two categories (char and soot) based on different combustion temperatures. In fact, in the IMPROVE-A Thermal-Optical Reflectance (TOR) method, we had got OC1, OC2, OC3, OC4, OPC and EC1, EC2, EC3.From the previous studies, we could calculate the concentrations of char and soot (char=EC1-OPC; soot=EC2+EC3). By comparing the changes of char and soot concentrations, we found that the main pollution source was motor vehicle exhaust both at daytime and nighttime in summer, but the contribution of the biomass and coal combustion pollution increased and presented an increasing trend at nighttime.

Key words： BC; EC; OC; Daily variation; Source attribution

Cite this article

ZHANG Xueying , WANG Xin , ZHOU Yue , WEI Hailun , PU Wei , SHI Jinsen , DAI Mingkai . Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosols and Their Source in the Atmosphere during Summer in Lanzhou[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2017 , 36(2) : 528 -537 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00103

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