Research Review on Calculation Methods and Influential Factors on Areal Precipitation of Alpine Mountains

WANG Lei; CHEN Rensheng; SONG Yaoxuan

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00007

Plateau Meteorology >

2017 , Vol. 36 >Issue 6: 1546 - 1556

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00007

Research Review on Calculation Methods and Influential Factors on Areal Precipitation of Alpine Mountains

WANG Lei ,
CHEN Rensheng ,
SONG Yaoxuan

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Qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;Key Laboratory of Inland River Ecohydrology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2016-10-17

Online published: 2017-12-28

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Abstract

Areal precipitation is important for many branches of subjects, such as atmospheric sciences, ecology, hydrology and cryosphere science. The barriers of obtaining accurate areal precipitation are less precipitation data and the lack of relative research. The aim is to provide a research review on calculation methods and influential factors on areal precipitation in alpine mountains, and to indicate the likely research direction to obtain accurate precipitation data in alpine mountains. Nowadays, the main methods to obtain areal precipitation are ground observation, spatial interpolation, atmospheric numerical model and remote sensing. However, the precipitation observation stations are sparsely distributed and mainly distributed in low elevation areas because of the various conditions and severe weather conditions in alpine mountains. In addition, the sparse observation points and complex terrain conditions limit the use of spatial interpolation and atmospheric numerical model. When these two methods are used to calculate the distribution of precipitation, the results are too poor to apply to the study of hydrological processes. Ground-based radar is affected by terrain shading and defect of its structure significantly, and satellite remote sensing is limited by radar performance, spatial resolution and satellite transit. Hence, the applicability to the precipitation distribution, especially the regional precipitation in mountainous areas, is not ideal. The distribution of precipitation and amount of precipitation in alpine mountains are influenced by source of water vapor, slope, altitude, topography and different underlying surface. The terrain and the atmospheric circulation act on the precipitation, which leads to a great variability of the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, and also increase the difficulty of obtaining accurate areal precipitation data. Therefore, the further research on distribution of precipitation in alpine mountains should be carried out in many aspects. For those reasons, small range encryption observation, remote sensing spatial grid matrix observation and wide range net observation that had been carried out at Hulu watershed located in upstream of Heihe River. All of those are the important foundation of precipitation researches. At the same time, the research of satellite application in precipitation will improve the accuracy of satellite precipitation data and launch an efficient satellite remote sensing data assimilation research. In terms of numerical simulation, strengthen the study on refinement and downscaling atmospheric numerical model are also the ways to improve the accuracy of precipitation simulation.

Key words： Alpine mountains; areal precipitation; acquisition methods; influential factors; spatial-temporal res

Cite this article

WANG Lei , CHEN Rensheng , SONG Yaoxuan . Research Review on Calculation Methods and Influential Factors on Areal Precipitation of Alpine Mountains[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2017 , 36(6) : 1546 -1556 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00007

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