Low-Frequency Features during the Two Typical Extreme Cold Events in China

LI Yan; ZHANG Jinyu; LI Xu; MA Baisheng; WANG Yafang

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00035

Plateau Meteorology >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 5: 1341 - 1352

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00035

Low-Frequency Features during the Two Typical Extreme Cold Events in China

LI Yan ,
ZHANG Jinyu ,
LI Xu ,
MA Baisheng ,
WANG Yafang

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Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province/College of Atmosphere Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received date: 2017-11-18

Online published: 2018-10-28

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Abstract

Keeping oscillation of low frequency of 30~60 days, Butterworth band-pass filter method was used to process the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Based on the application of the low-frequency synoptic map (LFSM), low frequency features of the two extreme low temperature events including durative low temperature, snow fall and freezing weather in early 2008 and "overlord"-level cold wave in 2016 were analyzed in order to reveal the characteristics, forming and evolution of the low frequency systems during these two events. The results are as follows:During durative low temperature, snow fall and freezing weather in early 2008, large-scale atmospheric systems including blocking-high and upper-level jet stream all featured a distinct 30~60 days oscillation. The positive (negative) anomaly of geopotential height was closely coincided with the low frequency high (low) pressure of the low frequency systems, and the center of positive zonal wind anomaly was consistent with the high value center of low frequency zonal wind. During this event, the positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) favored the strengthening of the Middle East jet and the maintenance of the blocking high, resulting in durative low temperature in south China. The 30~60 days oscillation features of the weather systems including upper-level jet and blocking high were not so obvious during "overlord"-level cold wave in 2016 as that during early 2008. However, the low pressure of low frequency can describe the generating and developing of the polar vortex. Meanwhile the low-frequency synoptic map reflected the phase transition of AO before and after the cold wave. The phase of AO was positive in later December 2015 while negative in early January 2016, which led to the weakened latitudinal circulations of the middle latitudes and the strengthen longitudinal circulations. Then under north air stream at the front of blocking high ridge guidance, the strong cold air in the middle of polar vortex invaded southern China. These can be concluded as the main cause of the sharp drop in temperature. Although the position distribution of low-frequency low pressure, high pressure and the south path of cold air are different, the low-frequency flow field showed the phase transition of AO lagging behind the synoptic flow field about two days during the two events. By tracking and estimate the path of such low-frequency signal in the LFSM. This result can provide reference for extended-range weather forecast of similar extreme cold events by using the numerical forecast products.

Key words： The low-frequency sy; durative low tempera; "overlord" level col; polar vortex

Cite this article

LI Yan , ZHANG Jinyu , LI Xu , MA Baisheng , WANG Yafang . Low-Frequency Features during the Two Typical Extreme Cold Events in China[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2018 , 37(5) : 1341 -1352 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00035

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