Frontogenesis and Moisture Characteristic Analysis on a Sudden Rainstorm at the Edge of Subtropical High

QIU Guiqiang; ZHAO Guixiang; DONG Chunqing; WANG Xiaoli

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00059

Plateau Meteorology >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 4: 946 - 957

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00059

Frontogenesis and Moisture Characteristic Analysis on a Sudden Rainstorm at the Edge of Subtropical High

QIU Guiqiang ,
ZHAO Guixiang ,
DONG Chunqing ,
WANG Xiaoli

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Shanxi Meteorological Observatory, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China

Received date: 2017-03-23

Online published: 2018-08-28

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Abstract

For the sudden rainstorm predicted with a large deviation by several operational models, which occurred at the edge of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) southwest of Shanxi province at night on 31 July 2010, the conventional observation, hourly precipitation, TBB data derived from FY-2E satellite and WRF model high resolution simulation results were used to analyze the evolution of rainstorm, frontogenesis and moisture characteristics. The results indicated that the sudden rainstorm was due to frontogenesis that caused by dry and cold air at the back of upper trough pushing the warm and moist air at the edge of WPSH. The meso-β circular convective system (MβCCS) led to the rainstorm directly. The formation and development of mesoscale-β vortex provided a favorable condition of moisture convergence to the maintenance of MβCCS. The surface cold front and nearby mesoscale convergence line triggered the convection develop. Frontogenesis diagnosis showed that the vertical structure of low-level convergence and middle-level divergence led to low-level horizontal frontogenesis and middle-level horizontal frontolysis in the troposphere. The strong ascending motion made the height of strong instability layer rise and thus led to strong middle-level vertical frontogenesis. The vertical and horizontal frontogenesis happened at the same time, but the vertical frontogenesis was an order of magnitude larger than the horizontal frontogenesis. The appearance of middle-and low-level strong frontogenesis and secondary circulation corresponded well with the time and the location of strong precipitation. In comparison, the tilting term contributed most to total frontogenesis, and the convergence term contributed least. The strength of middle-and low-level frontogenesis is beneficial to the rise of low-level moisture. In the process of frontogenesis, deep moisture saturation layer thickness and the water vapor content stretching to high-level have evident indication to the forecast of local strong precipitation. At last, the intensity and moving track of upper cold air and development of MβCCS are major points to determine the location of such type of rainstorm.

Key words： Rainstorm; frontogenesis; vortex; subtropical high; MβCCS

Cite this article

QIU Guiqiang , ZHAO Guixiang , DONG Chunqing , WANG Xiaoli . Frontogenesis and Moisture Characteristic Analysis on a Sudden Rainstorm at the Edge of Subtropical High[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2018 , 37(4) : 946 -957 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00059

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