Two rain and snow processes in winter during 2022 November 2015 and 2021 November 2016 were simulated by WRF meso-scale numerical model. Based on the simulation results and observational data, not only the mechanism of phase transformation was analyzed respectively, but also cloud microphysical features in two processes were compared. The results show that the precipitation grade and spatial distribution in two processes can be simulated well by WRF model. Although transformation from rain to sleet is occurred in both two processes, the content and distribution of snow crystal is completely different, which leads to the difference of cloud microphysical processes. As to the rain and snow process in 2015, the adhesion and collection of snow crystal to super-cooled cloud droplets and raindrops maybe cause the transformation from rain to sleet in Beijing observatory, while the deposition, accretion and collection growth of ice is the main microphysical processes in 2016. When forecast the phase state of precipitation in winter, not only the empirical threshold temperature of each standard layer should be paid attention to, but also the level and concentration of water substance related to microphysics in model products.
QIN Qingchang
,
ZHANG Linna
,
YU Jia
,
WU Lin
. Simulation Study on Phase State of Two Rain and Snow Processes in Beijing Area[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2019
, 38(5)
: 1027
-1037
.
DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00124
[1]Chao W C, 2012. Correction of excessive precipitation over steep and high mountains in a GCM[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 69(5):1547-1561.
[2]Czys R R, Scott R W, Tang K C, et al, 1996. A physically based, nondimensional parameter for discriminating between locations of freezing rain and ice pellets[J]. Weather and Forecasting, 11(4):591-598.
[3]Heppner P O G, 2009. Snow versus rain:Looking beyond the "magic" numbers[J]. Weather and Forecasting, 7(4):683-691.
[4]Morrison H, Curry J A, Khvorostyanov V I, 2005. A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part Ⅰ:Description[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 62(6):1665-1677.
[5]Morrison H, Thompson G, Tatarskii V, 2009. Impact of cloud microphysics on the development of trailing stratiform precipitation in a simulated squall line:Comparison of one-and two-moment schemes[J]. Monthly Weather Review, 137(3):991-1007.
[6]Pruppacher H R, Klett J D, 1997. Microphysics of clouds and precipitation[M]. Second Revison:Kluwer Academic Publishers, 954.
[7]邓远平, 程麟生, 张小玲, 2000.三相云显式降水方案和高原东部"96.1"暴雪成因的中尺度数值模拟[J].高原气象, 19(4):401-414.
[8]顾震潮, 1980.云雾降水物理基础[M].北京:科学出版社, 219.
[9]胡顺起, 曹张驰, 陈滔, 2017.山东省南部一次极端特大暴雪过程诊断分析[J].高原气象, 36(4):984-992. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00134.
[10]李江波, 李根娥, 裴雨杰, 等, 2009.一次春季强寒潮的降水相态变化分析[J].气象, 35(7):87-94.
[11]刘建勇, 顾思楠, 徐迪峰, 2013.南方两次降雪过程的降水相态模拟研究[J].高原气象, 32(1):179-190. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00018.
[12]李青春, 程丛兰, 高华, 等, 2011.北京一次冬季回流暴雪天气过程的数值模拟[J].气象, 37(11):1380-1388.
[13]廖晓农, 张琳娜, 何娜, 等, 2013.2012年3月17日北京降水相态转变的机制讨论[J].气象, 39(1):28-38. DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2013.01.004.
[14]师宇, 楼小凤, 单云鹏, 等, 2017.北京地区一次降雪过程的人工催化数值模拟研究[J].高原气象, 36(5):1276-1289. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00012.
[15]孙晶, 王鹏云, 李想, 等, 2007.北方两次不同类型降雪过程的微物理模拟研究[J].气象学报, 65(1):575-584. DOI:10.3321/j.issn.0577-6619.2007.01.003.
[16]孙继松, 梁丰, 陈敏, 等, 2003.北京地区一次小雪天气过程造成路面交通严重受阻的成因分析[J].大气科学, 27(6):1057-1066.
[17]孙艳辉, 李泽椿, 寿绍文, 2017.东北地区两次历史罕见暴风雪天气过程的分析[J].高原气象, 36(2):549-561. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00012.
[18]许爱华, 乔林, 詹丰兴, 等, 2006.2005年3月一次寒潮天气过程的诊断分析[J].气象, 32(3):49-55.
[19]尤凤春, 郭丽霞, 史印山, 等, 2013.北京降水相态判别指标及检验[J].气象与环境学报, 29(5):49-54. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X. 2013.05.008.
[20]姚蓉, 叶成志, 田莹, 等, 2012.2011年初湖南暴雪过程的成因和数值模拟分析[J].气象, 38(7):848-857.
[21]张俊兰, 彭军, 2017.北疆春季降水相态转换判识和成因分析[J].高原气象, 36(4):939-949. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00094.
[22]张琳娜, 郭锐, 曾剑, 等, 2013.北京地区冬季降水相态的识别判据研究[J].高原气象, 32(6):1780-1786. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00147.
[23]赵思雄, 孙建华, 2008.2008年初南方雨雪冰冻天气的环流场与多尺度特征[J].气候与环境研究, 13(4):351-367.
[24]赵宇, 蓝欣, 杨成芳, 2018.一次江淮气旋极端雨雪过程的云系特征和成因分析[J].高原气象, 37(5):1325-1340. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00024.
