1 引言
2 资料选取与方法介绍
2.1 研究区域
2.2 资料选取
2.3 方法介绍
3 结果与分析
3.1 风速变化特征
3.2 风速年际变化的原因分析
3.2.1 大气环流因子
图3 对应农牧交错带近地面风速偏大1倍标准差情况下10 m(a)和700 hPa(b)风场的变化(单位: m·s-1)向量风用风矢表示, 标量风用填色表示, 均只画出显著(p<0.05)的值 Fig.3 Interannual changes of winds at 10 m (a) and 700 hPa (b) over the northeastern Asia in association with +1σ of the regional mean wind of the pastoral transitional zone.Unit: m·s-1 Wind vector is shown as arrow, and the scalar wind shown in colors.Only significant values (p<0.05) are plotted |
图4 农牧交错带近地面平均风速(u)、 东北亚异常环流系统中心区700 hPa位势高度距平(H NEA))以及北极涛动指数(AO)年际变化的时间序列Fig.4 Interannual variations of the regional mean surface wind in pastoral transitional zone (u), regional mean 700 hPa geopotential heights over northeastern Asia (H NEA) and the Arctic Oscillation Index (AO) |
图6 对应北极涛动指数(a)和H NEA(b)偏小1倍标准差以及农牧交错带近地面风速偏大1倍标准差(c)情况下250 hPa纬向风的变化(单位: m·s-1)Fig.6 Interannual changes of 250 hPa zonal wind in association with +1σ of Arctic Oscillation Index (a), H NEA (b), and regional mean surface wind over the pastoral transitional zone (c).To help comparison, values in (a) and (b) have multiplied by -1.Only significant values (p<0.1) are shown.Unit: m·s-1 |
3.2.2 下垫面因子
图7 (a)农牧交错带春季风速(u)和叶面积指数(LAI)、 NDVI的年际变化; (b)农牧交错带春季风速和感热通量(H)、 潜热通量(LE)以及边界层高度(BLH)的年际变化; (c)农牧交错带春季小风日风速(≤3 m·s-1) 和感热通量、 潜热通量和边界层高度的年际变化Fig.7 (a) Interannual variations of regional mean spring wind speed, leaf area index, and NDVI; (b) interannual variations of regional mean spring wind speed, surface sensible heat flux, surface latent heat flux and boundary layer height; (c) interannual variations of regional mean spring low wind speed (≤3 m·s-1), surface sensible heat flux, surface latent heat flux and boundary layer height |
表1 农牧交错带15个格点近38年春季的边界层高度与感热通量、 潜热通量的相关系数Table 1 Interannual correlation coefficients between boundary layer height and surface sensible heat flux, surface latent heat flux over the pastoral transitional zone in spring |
| 热通量 | 边界层高度 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERA-Interim | MERRA2 | JRA-55 | 经验公式 | |
| 感热通量 | 0.78 | 0.47 | 0.49 | 0.41 |
| 潜热通量 | -0.71 | -0.41 | -0.47 | / |
相关系数均通过0.01的显著性检验 |