Evaporation Variation and Driving Mechanisms in Hongjiannao Lake from 1980 to 2018

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  • 1. College of Petrochemical EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050GansuChina
    2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment
    and Resources
    Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000GansuChina
    3. Qinghai Lake Comprehensive Observation and Research StationChinese Academy of SciencesGangcha 812300QinghaiChina
    4. Lanzhou Regional Climate CenterLanzhou 730020GansuChina

Online published: 2025-06-26

Abstract

Hongjiannao Lake is the largest desert freshwater lake in China. In recent decadesthe area of the lake has sharply decreased. The evaporation of the lake surface is the main factor consuming its water volume. There‐ forethis paper aims to reveal the characteristics of evaporation changes and the mechanism of the driving factors. Currentlymost studies on Hongjiannao Lake directly use or convert the evaporation data observed at meteorological stationswhich have many missing and discontinuous dataand do not qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the meteorological factors influencing the evaporation changes of Hongjiannao Lake. To address these is‐ suesthis paper uses the data converted from meteorological stationscalculates the evaporation using the FAO P-Mformulaand simulates the evaporation using the CLM-LISSS model to obtain the evaporation data of Hongjiannao Lake. Through comparison with the converted evaporation data from meteorological stationsit is found that the evaporation values and correlations simulated by the CLM-LISSS model are closer to the actual situation than the results calculated by the FAOP-Mformula. The evaporation simulation results based on the preferred model showed that the average annual value of simulated evaporation of Hongjiannao lake from 1980 to 2018 was 1004. 56 mmand the M-K mutation test did not find the mutation yearand the overall trend was significantly upward3. 01 mm·a-1. The meteorological factors that have significant positive correlation with evaporation are air temperaturewind speed and downward long-wave radiationand their correlation with evaporation and their own change trend pass the significance test of 95%. The sensitivity coefficient of evaporation to meteorological factors and the contribution of each meteorological factor to evaporation change were quantitatively analyzed by the formula calculation method and the perturbation analysis method of climate state respectively. The meteorological factors with greater contribution obtained by the two methods were significantly consistent with the correlationand they were all air temperaturewind speed and downward long-wave radiation. Howeverthe contribution ranking obtained by these two methods is slightly different and the contribution values of each factor are significantly different. This is mainly due to the fact that the change of evaporation is only caused by the change of a single factorwhich reduces the influence of other driving factorsand effectively reduces the error between the change value of evaporation trend and the contribution sum of meteorological factorsfrom 128. 40 mm109. 40%to 56. 83 mm48. 42%. The perturbation analysis of climate state is superior to the formula calculation method in both mechanism and error. The results show that the contribution of meteorological factors to evaporation changes from large to small are downward long-wave radiation71. 47%),temperature 59. 83%),wind speed41. 00%),air pressure1. 54%),downward short-wave radiation-3. 00%and specific humidity-22. 43%.

Cite this article

YU Tao, HAN Tianxiang, WEN Lijuan, LI Danhua, WANG Mengxiao, WANG Tiantian . Evaporation Variation and Driving Mechanisms in Hongjiannao Lake from 1980 to 2018[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 0 : 1 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2025.00071

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