Current Issue

• SURFACE RADIATION BALANCE OVER QlNGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU IN WINTER
• Shen Zhibao;Liu Weimin
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 1-8. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (561KB) ( )
• An empirical formula for calculating surface radiation balance over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in winter with the percentage of sunshine and surface albedo was established based on the observational data. Using this formula the simulations of the effects of the latitude, date, surface albedo and sunshine duration on the surface radiation balance were conducted. The results show that the surface radiative energy budget over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in winter, either surplus or deficit, are dependent on the latitude and surface albedo, but the absolute values of surplus or deficit dependent on the cloud cover (or sunshine duration). In other words, the spatial distribution pattern of surface radiation balance over the plateau is decided on the geographic latitude and surface albedo, but the amounts of both positive and negative value areas are affected by cloud cover. Therefore the spatial distribution pattern of surface radiation balance over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in winter consists of a basic pattern caused by the geographic conditions including latitude and surface natural properties and a adding disturbing pattern caused by snow cover. Two main disturbing areas were found, one is in Mt. Bayankala, the river head region of Yangtse River and Yellow River, another the grasslands in northern Xizang.

• THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTH-ATMOSPHERE RADIATION BUDGET IN THE AREA OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU
• Ji Guoiiang;Jiang Hao
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 9-18. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (606KB) ( )
• In this paper, we analyse the characteristics of regional distribution and seasonal variation of planetary albedo, outgoing longwave radiation at the top of atmosphere and earth-atmosphere radiation budget over the Plateau and its adjacent area, and discuss their effect on the weather and climate by using the Nimbus 7 satellite data in the period from August 1982 to July 1983. The relationship between the satellite data and surface observational data are also discussed using the observational data of surface radiation. Further, we make a probe for the application of satellite data.

• THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION OVER THE UPPER REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD
• Zheng Guang;Wang Yupei;Qu Zhang;Wang Fan;Luo Yunfeng
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 19-26. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (528KB) ( )
• Using the precipitation and variability materials(34 stations, over 25 years) of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, we've studied the characteristics of the secular mean yearly, monthly, decade precipitation and variability; we've set up the rainy season, the region of drought (Early Summer) and Autumn rain. We've pointed out that the secular mean monthly variability is much more bigger than the yearly variability and emphasised that there is a big center of the monthly variability nearby Ma Qu station(over 36%) from July to September. These caused a lot of difficulties of the hydro-meteor forecast.

• THE DYNAMIC ANALYSES OF THE EFFECT OF LARGE-SCALE ENVIRONMENT FLOW FIELDS AND CUMULUS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUB-SYNOPTIC SCALE SOUTHWEST VORTEX
• Chen Zhongmin
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 27-38. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (719KB) ( )
• In this paper, sub-synoptic scale disturbance has been connected with cumulus by a simplest cumulus parameterization scheme. Equations which describe the effect of large-scale environment flow fields and cumulus on sub-synoptic scale disturbance have been solved in a simple two-layer model. Different factors which have influence on the Southwest Vortex have been analyzed. Finally, we discussed the simple structure of the developing Southwest Vortex in the model.

• THE CLIMATE CHANGE OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD
• Tang Maocang;Li Cunqiang;Zhang Jian
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 39-49. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (674KB) ( )
• In this paper, firstly we have discussed climate change of the Qinghai -Xizang Plateau during the recent thousand years. It is found that Qing-hai-Xizang Plateau is a climate change "source region" of the East Asia. The lapse rate of air temperature between the two stations Leh and Srina-gar and the rainfall anomaly (percent departure from normal) of those stations are closely related according to the data of about one hundred years. When air temperature is higher, the rainfall is more, and vice versa. These oscillating period is about 40 years. Secondly, the climate change of plateau and its neighbourhood in the recent 30 years is analyzed. We have found when the air temperature of Northern Hemisphere was dropping in the 1960's, the rainfall in the windwards side of the plateau was increasing and the rainfall in the lee side was getting less. Until the 1970's the rainfall in the desert was increasing due to the strengthening of wet monsoon over the north side of the plateau. Finally, according to the data analysis, it will be expected that the air temperature of the west part of China will go up, the rainfall will be rising by the east side of the plateau and go down in the west side up to the end of this centenary.

• THE HEAT BALANCE OVER THE EQUATORIAL OCEAN IN THE WEST PACIFIC
• Yao Lanchang;Chen Youyu
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 50-58. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (629KB) ( )
• In this paper, we have computed the components of heat balance and heating rate of the entire air column over equatorial ocean in the West Pacific by using the radiation measurement and conventional radiosonde data, which were obtained by the expedition ship of Academia Sinica, Shiyan Ⅲ during the 29 days in November 1986. The results show that both the sea surface and the air column are strong heat sources over the equatorial ocean in the Pacific in November.

• THE INFLUENCE OF GEOGRAPHY ON THE TRANSIENT PROCESS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION
• Ma Jingxian
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 59-63. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (299KB) ( )

• A SURVEY OF SNOW DISASTER OVER Guo Luo
• Li Sheng Chen
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 64-69. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (395KB) ( )

• SOME ASPECTS OF THE LARGE-SCALE CLIMATIC NUMERICAL SIMULATION
• Qian Yongfu
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 70-93. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (4820KB) ( )

• A STUDY OF GLOBAL ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL COUPLING
• Guo Changming;Yan Muhong;Liu Xinsheng
• 1988 Vol. 7 (1): 94-103. 
• Abstract ( ) PDF (769KB) ( )
• This paper introduces briefly the role of thunderstorms in the global electrical circuit, and discusses the possible sun-weather coupling mechanism based upon the solar modulation of atmospheric electrical parameters through thunderstorm. Finally, some ideas for further study have been proposed.