多源数据在高原机场一次低空风切变过程分析中的综合应用

颜玉倩;田维东;李金海;韩炳宏

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高原气象 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6) : 1329-1338. DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2020.00035
论文

多源数据在高原机场一次低空风切变过程分析中的综合应用

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Comprehensive Application of Multi-source Data in the Analysis of a Low-level Wind Shear Process over Plateau Airport

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摘要

为提高西宁机场风切变预报预警能力, 利用ERA-Interim再分析资料、 机场自动气象站观测资料、 风廓线雷达资料以及激光雷达资料, 对2018年4月26日发生在西宁机场由微下击暴流引发的低空风切变过程进行综合分析。结果表明, 此次低空风切变过程发生在西宁机场11号跑道, 是在风速突然变化过程中发生的水平风切变。低空风切变发生前西宁机场处于横槽前部, 以西北气流为主; 西宁机场上空多云且为低高度对流云, 地面湿度条件较好(t-td≤4 ℃); 中层(750~650 hPa)有干空气卷入, 有利于对流活动的发展。风廓线雷达显示飞机落地时刻有较强的下沉运动并出现了低层降水, 低空风切变过程发生前10~20 min 1000 m以上空中存在强乱流; 激光雷达监测表明13:25(北京时, 下同)在沿降落轨迹线距跑道入口4.05 km, 高度475 m处出现气旋性涡旋, 是低空风切变出现的前期信号; 13:29 -13:30形成微下击暴流并出现小高压环流, 在跑道入口441 m、 高度81 m处出现中辐散, 辐散风诱发水平风切变, 导致飞机低高度复飞。

Abstract

In order to improve the prediction and early waning ability of the wind shear over Xining Airport.ERA-Interim reanalysis data, airport automatic meteorological observation station data, wind profile radar data and laser wind radar data was used in this paper, and analyzed the process of low altitude wind shear caused by micro-downburst in Xining Airport on 26 April 2018, comprehensively.The results showed the low-level wind shear occurred in Xining Airport Runway 11, which was a horizontal wind shear during the sudden change of wind speed.Before the occurrence of low-level wind shear, the study area was in the front of the transverse trough, mainly was controled by northwest air flow; The sky over Xining Airport was cloudy with low convective clouds, the condition of surface humidity was good(t-td≤4 ℃); The middle layer contains dry air, which was conducive to the development of convective activities.The wind profile radar showed that there was a strong sinking motion at the time of landing, and appeared low-level precipitation in addition to, there was strong turbulence over 1000 m when 10~20 min before low-level wind shear process.The laser wind radar indicated at 13:25(Beijing Time, after the same), a cyclonic vortex appeared at the landing track line 4.05 km away from the runway entrance and 475 m high, which was the early signal of low-level wind shear.A micro-downburst and thunderstorm high pressure are formed at 13:29-13:30, as well as a moderate divergence 441 m away from the runway entrance, 81 m high which induces horizontal wind shear and leads to low altitude missed approach of the aircraft.The research results of this paper provided a certain reference for understanding the information of the convection system by using the multi-source detection data, and it is important to guide significance for the prediction and early warning of the wind shear over the airport, and provide scientific and technological support for the timely response measures of the aircraft in the wind shear.

关键词

低空风切变 / 风廓线雷达 / 激光雷达 / 微下击暴流

Key words

Low-level wind shear / wind profile radar / laser radar / micro downburst

引用本文

导出引用
颜玉倩 , 田维东 , 李金海 , 韩炳宏. 多源数据在高原机场一次低空风切变过程分析中的综合应用. 高原气象. 2020, 39(6): 1329-1338 https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2020.00035
Yuqian YAN , Weidong TIAN , Jinhai LI , Binghong HAN. Comprehensive Application of Multi-source Data in the Analysis of a Low-level Wind Shear Process over Plateau Airport. Plateau Meteorology. 2020, 39(6): 1329-1338 https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2020.00035

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基金

国家自然科学基金项目(41865006);青海省科技成果转化专项(2018-SF-142)
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