从能量学的观点出发,提出了描述地面至特定高度大气层结稳定度的参数--稳定能量,并给出了具体计算方法。根据1988-1992年兰州气象站逐日08:00(北京时,下同)的探空资料,计算了300~1000m每隔50m共15层的稳定能量。利用同期兰州市环境监测站自动监测系统监测的兰州城区3种主要空气污染物二氧化硫、一氧化碳和氮氧化物(SO₂、CO、NOX)的日平均浓度资料,计算了地面气象要素、低空气象参数、低空风和稳定能量等气象因子与SO₂、CO、NO_X之间的相关。结果表明:(1)用稳定能量来描述低层大气的稳定性更为合理一些;(2)在诸多气象因子中,稳定能量与SO₂、CO、NO_X浓度之间的相关性最显著;(3)稳定能量的年变化规律与空气污染浓度的年变化规律基本一致;(4)逐月看,各层稳定能量与SO₂浓度之间均为正相关,除7月份以外,大多数层次均通过了α=0.01显著性水平的相关性检验。

According to the view of energy, we put forward a new parameter-stable energy, which describe the stability from surface to the given altitude and its calculating method. By using the sounding data of Lanzhou meteorological station and the concentrations of air pollution of Lanzhou environmental station during 1988-1992, we have worked out 15 layers the stable energy from 300~1000 m and the correlation coefficients between stable energy and concentration of SO₂, CO, NO_X. The results are as follows:To describe the stability of lower air, stable energy is better than thickness and intensity of inversion layer. The annual change regular pattern of stable energy is the same as concentrations of air pollutant. Except for July, the correlation between stable energy and concentration of air pollutant have pass the significant level test at the α=0.01.