利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中大气环境观测试验站（83°39'E，38°58'N）总辐射、散射辐射和直接辐射的观测资料，分析了塔中大气透明系数变化和沙尘对总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射的影响。结果表明，10-12月塔中大气透明系数最好，春、夏季最差；晴天大气透明系数最高（0.57），沙尘暴天气最低（0.07）。晴天、浮尘和扬沙天气总辐射最大可达1000 W·m-2以上，而沙尘暴天气最大可达700 W·m-2。晴天散射辐射值大多在400 W·m-2以下，主要集中在100～200 W·m-2范围内；有沙尘的天气大多在600 W·m-2以下。沙尘对直接辐射的衰减最大，晴天、浮尘、扬沙和沙尘暴天气下直接辐射<200 W·m-2的概率依次为41.2%，72.5%，78.1%和100%。随着大气中沙尘增多，散射辐射逐渐向高值区域集中。沙尘天气下各辐射日变化曲线波动很大，其中总辐射和直接辐射减小很多；总辐射和散射辐射日变化曲线形态相似、量值接近。大气透明系数与总辐射、直接辐射和散射辐射关系密切。
In order to reveal the essential feature of radiation in extreme arid region of Northwest China, using the global radiation, direct radiation, diffuse radiation and meteorological data in the Tazhong station(in Taklimakan desert hinterland, 83°39'E, 38°58'N), the characteristics of atmospheric transparency coefficient, influence of sand-dust on solar radiation were analyzed by the statistical methods. The results show that: The coefficient of atmosphere transparency is better from October to December than other months, but it's worse in spring and summer. The index of the atmosphere transparency P2 is the most (least) in clear day (sand storm day). The global radiation is more than 1000 W·m-2 in clear day, dust day and sand blowing day, while, it is up to 700 W·m-2 in sand storm day at most. The diffuse radiation is partly less than 400 W·m-2, mainly between 100 and 200 W·m-2 in clear day. It is less than 600 W·m-2 in dusty day mostly. The direct radiation is reduced by dust aerosol. The probability are 41.2%, 72.5%, 78.1% and 100% when direct radiation is less than 200 W·m-2 during clear day, dust day, sand blowing day and sand storm day. The diffuse radiation is gradually concentration high value with the sand of the atmosphere is increased. The variation of every radiation is big in dusty day. The daily curve (value) of diffuse radiation is similar to the global radiation, which is reduced by dust aerosol is the same as the direct radiation. That suggests the atmosphere transparency is closely related to the global radiation, diffuse radiation and direct radiation.
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