高原气象

高原气象 >

2014 , Vol. 33 >Issue 6: 1534 - 1544

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00142

论文

基于MODIS地表数据对2006年中国北方沙尘排放的估算

  • 李蒙蒙 ,
  • 黄昕 ,
  • 李建峰 ,
  • 宋宇
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  • 北京大学环境模拟和污染控制重点实验室, 北京 100871;2. 兰州大学半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000;3. 南京大学大气科学学院, 南京 210093

收稿日期: 2013-03-25

  网络出版日期: 2014-12-28

基金资助

半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室(兰州大学)开放基金; 兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金; 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB428501); 环保公益项目(201309009)

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Estimation of Dust Emissions from Northern China in 2006 with MODIS Land Surface Data

  • LI Mengmeng ,
  • HUANG Xin ,
  • LI Jianfeng ,
  • SONG Yu
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  • State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;2. Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;3. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

Received date: 2013-03-25

  Online published: 2014-12-28

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摘要

中国北方的干旱及半干旱地区是东亚重要的沙尘源区, 由风侵蚀过程产生的沙尘颗粒物是大气气溶胶的重要来源, 不仅会引起严重的风沙灾害, 还会对当地及区域的大气物理、化学过程、空气质量和全球辐射平衡产生深远的影响, 因此对中国北方起沙通量的估算具有重要意义。选取沙尘暴频发的2006年为基准年, 利用第五代中尺度气象模式MM5模拟输出的气象场驱动起沙模式, 对中国北方沙源地区的起沙量进行估算。在MM5模式中引入中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)观测的高分辨率的地表覆盖和归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据用以改善模拟效果, 此外还利用MODIS NDVI数据定量化评估了季节性植被增长对沙尘排放的影响。由此估算出2006年全年中国北部沙源地区共排放沙尘颗粒(粒径在0.2~74 μm)约4.36×109 t, 其中春季对全年起沙量的贡献最大(61%), 排放总量达2.64×109 t。同时识别出4个主要的沙尘源区, 即巴丹吉林沙漠、内蒙古西北部和河西走廊的戈壁地区、内蒙古中部沙地和塔克拉玛干沙漠及周边。

关键词： 中国北方; 沙尘排放; MODIS; MM5模式; 地表参数

本文引用格式

李蒙蒙 , 黄昕 , 李建峰 , 宋宇 . 基于MODIS地表数据对2006年中国北方沙尘排放的估算[J]. 高原气象, 2014 , 33(6) : 1534 -1544 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00142

Abstract

Dust particles generated by wind erosion from northern China are an important source of atmospheric aerosols, exerting a profound influence on the atmospheric processes and global radiation balance. It is paid particular attention to the simulation of dust emissions from northern China in 2006. Highly-resolved MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) land cover and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data were included in the fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) to improve the model performance. Monthly MODIS NDVI were also utilized to quantify the suppression of vegetation growth on dust uplift. Approximately 4.36×109 t of dust particles between 0.2 and 74 μm in diameter were released annually, characterized by a maximum load of 2.64×109 t in spring. Four potential sources, including the Badanjilin desert, the gobi regions in northwestern Inner Mongolia and the Hexi Corridor, the sand-land in central Inner Mongolia, and the Takelamagan desert along with the adjacent regions, were identified as the dominant contributors in spring.

Key words： Northern China; Dust emission; MODIS; MM5 Model; Land surface paramet

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