利用2012年7-9月微气象蒸发观测实验的观测资料和陆面模式CLM4.0, 对荒漠草原过渡带快速变化的陆面过程进行了单点数值模拟试验, 通过比较模拟值与观测值来检验模式的模拟能力。结果表明:(1)CLM4.0模式能较好地模拟下垫面快速变化的辐射通量、湍流通量、土壤温度及土壤含水量的变化特征, 但模拟值较观测值还存在一定偏差。在干旱及湿润地表状况下, CLM4.0模式模拟的反射辐射与观测值的偏差较小, 而草地地表时模拟值较观测值偏高;CLM4.0模式较好地模拟了地表长波辐射的变化趋势, 但是在正午和夜间偏差较大。(2)CLM4.0模式模拟的湍流通量与观测值之间的相关系数达0.85以上, 但模拟值较观测值偏高。(3)CLM4.0模式模拟的土壤温度及含水量较观测值偏小, 且对强降水引起的土壤含水量的变化过程的模拟性能较差。发展适用于干旱荒漠草原过渡带的土壤孔隙度参数化方案, 进而通过改善土壤热导率、导水率的模拟有助于提高该类下垫面土壤温度及土壤含水量的模拟性能。
To study the transient change of desert-steppe transitional zone, a single point simulation experiment has been done by using the Community Land Model version 4.0 of NCAR(CLM4.0) and the observed data of Microclimate and Evaporation Experiment during July to September 2012. The simulation capability of the model was test by comparing the simulated values with the observed ones. The results showed that:(1) The results showed that:CLM4.0 model can successfully simulate the variation of the surface radiation, turbulent fluxes, soil temperature and water content with the transient changes over the underlying surface, while there are deviations between the two. In the dry and moist surface conditions, deviations between simulated and observed values of the reflected radiation is small, while the grass surface model simulations higher value compared to the observed values;CLM4.0 simulate the trend of surface longwave radiation, but deviations exist on noon and night. (2) The correlation coefficient between the simulated turbulent fluxes and observed values reached above 0.85, but the simulated values are higher than the observed values. (3) The simulated soil temperature and water content are smaller than the observed values. The CLM4.0 has a poor performance of the simulated soil moisture changes caused by heavy precipitation process. Developing applicable soil porosity parameterization schemes over the arid desert-steppe transitional zone, improving soil thermal and hydraulic conductivity simulation can help to improve simulation performance of soil temperature and water content over such underlying surface.
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