论文

青藏高原那曲高寒草甸生态系统CO2净交换及其影响因子

  • 朱志鹍 ,
  • 马耀明 ,
  • 胡泽勇 ,
  • 李茂善 ,
  • 孙方林
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  • 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室, 兰州 730000;2. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所 环境变化与地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101;3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期: 2014-09-02

  网络出版日期: 2015-10-28

基金资助

中国科学院战略性先导科技项目(XDB03030201);国家自然科学基金项目(41175008,91337212);公益性行业(气象)科研 专项(GYHY201406001)

Net Ecosystem Carbon Dioxide Exchange in Alpine Meadow of Nagchu Region over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

  • ZHU Zhikun ,
  • HU Zeyong ,
  • MA Yaoming ,
  • LI Maoshan ,
  • SUN Fanglin
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  • Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Change and Land Surface Process, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2014-09-02

  Online published: 2015-10-28

摘要

利用2008年中国科学院那曲高寒气候环境观测研究站(下称那曲站)的观测资料,分析了青藏高原腹地的高寒草甸生态系统碳通量的日变化和季节变化特征及其影响因子。结果表明,那曲站年平均气温在0℃以下,90%降水主要集中在夏季;在生长季,生态系统白天碳吸收和夜间碳排放速率均达到最强,最大吸收速率和最大排放速率分别为5.3和1.7 μmolCO2·m-2·s-1,与低海拔地区草地生态系统相比要偏小;高寒草甸生态系统碳汇作用较为明显,年吸收量为151.5 gCO2·m-2(即41.3 gC·m-2);5-9月生态系统呼吸占总初级生产力的比重约为76%,这表明生态系统通过光合作用固定的碳,大部分通过呼吸作用消耗;在高寒草甸植物生长旺盛的月份,白天生态系统与大气间CO2净交换(NEE)受光合有效辐射PAR的影响,表观光量子产率α为-0.0255±0.0105 μmol CO2·mol-1 photons。在生长季,尽管在昼夜温差相近时,NEE变化较大,但是随着昼夜温差的增大,NEE绝对值趋向增大,即昼夜温差越大越有利于生态系统吸收CO2。生长季末期的降水事件促进了高寒草甸生态系统的碳排放,对生态系统的碳平衡有重要的影响。

关键词: 高寒草甸; 青藏高原; 涡动相关; 生态系统净CO2

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