高原气象

高原气象 >

2016 , Vol. 35 >Issue 1: 107 - 117

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2014.00144

论文

河西走廊西部两次极端暴雨事件水汽特征分析

  • 陶健红 ,
  • 孔祥伟 ,
  • 刘新伟
展开
  • 甘肃省气象局, 兰州 730020;2. 兰州中心气象台, 兰州 730020

收稿日期: 2014-07-09

  网络出版日期: 2016-02-28

基金资助

中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013Z09,CMAGJ2014M54);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY20120 6029);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2016-076)

收起

Analysis on Water Vapor Characteristics of Two Extreme Rainstorm Events in Western Gansu Corridor

  • TAO Jianhong ,
  • KONG Xiangwei ,
  • LIU Xinwei
Expand
  • Gansu Province Meteorological Bureau, Lanzhou 730020, China;2. Center of Lanzhou Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received date: 2014-07-09

  Online published: 2016-02-28

Fold

摘要

利用常规观测资料、地面自动站雨量资料和NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料,应用水汽通量诊断分析、后向轨迹模型等方法分析了2012年6月4-5日(简称"0605")和2011年6月15-16日("0616")河西走廊西部干旱区两次极端暴雨事件的水汽输送和收支特征。结果表明,高原低涡及其前部弱高压脊共同作用下,在甘肃中西部对流层中层形成的异常偏东气流是河西走廊西部暴雨水汽输送的关键,其将来自孟加拉湾的水汽接力式的输送到河西走廊西部,有利于该地区的水汽辐合;弱高压脊的强度和位置决定了异常偏东气流的强度和最西端延伸的位置,而异常偏东气流的强度和最西端延伸的位置在很大程度上又决定了暴雨水汽的主要来源;两次暴雨过程均存在两路异常的水汽输送,随西风气流的西路水汽输送和绕高原的东路水汽输送,"0605"过程弱高压脊位置偏东偏弱,异常偏东气流由东向西扩展,最西端达到张掖,较强的西路水汽输送贡献率达到了90.02%,而"0616"过程弱高压脊位置偏西偏强且在内蒙古西部形成闭合的反气旋环流,异常偏东气流由西向东扩展,最西端位于酒泉西部,较强的东路水汽输送贡献率达到了84.6%;西(东)路水汽输送在对流层低(中)层输入较为显著。

关键词： 河西走廊西部极端暴雨; 异常偏东气流; 水汽输送; 水汽收支; HYSPLIT轨迹模式

本文引用格式

陶健红 , 孔祥伟 , 刘新伟 . 河西走廊西部两次极端暴雨事件水汽特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2016 , 35(1) : 107 -117 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2014.00144

Abstract

Based on observation and NCEP reanalysis data,using the water vapor flux diagnostic analysis and HYSPLIT model,the water vapor characteristics of two extreme rainstorm events which occurred on 4-5 June 2012 and 15-16 June 2011 in the Western Gansu Corridor arid zone were studied.The results are as follow:The abnormal easterlies in middle troposphere over the central and Western Gansu province resulting from the plateau low vortex and the weak ridge,which is the key of water vapor transport for rainstorm in the Western Gansu Corridor.This abnormal easterlies can transport the water vapor from the bay of Bengal to the western Gansu Corridor in the baton-form,causing water vapor convergence in the region.The intensity and location of weak ridge determine the intensity and location of abnormal easterlies which determine the main water vapor source of rainstorm.Two abnormal water vapor transportation path which included west path and east around the plateau path existed in the two extreme rainstorm events.The intensity and location of weak ridge in the "0605" process were weak and eastward shift,and the abnormal easterlies expanded from east to west until it reached Zhangye.Moreover,the west path contributed 90.02% in the total water transport.However,the intensity and location of weak ridge in the "0616" process were strong and westward shift,forming the anticyclone circulation in western Inner Mongolia,and the abnormal easterlies expanded from west to east,until it reached Jiuquan.The east path contributed 84.6% in the total water vapor transport.Therefore,the west(east) path in the lower(middle) troposphere is more significant.

Key words： Extreme rainstorm ev; Abnormal easterlies; Water vapor transpor; Water vapor budget; HYSPLIT model

参考文献

[1]Draxler R R,Hess G D.1997,Description of the HYSPLIT_4 modeling system[R].NOAA technical memorandum ERL ARL,224.
[2]Draxler R R,Hess G D.1998.An overview of HYSPLIT_4 modeling system for trajectories dispersion and deposition[J].Aust Meteor Mag,47(4):295-308.
[3]付双喜,张鸿发,楚荣忠.2009.河西走廊中部一次强降水过程的多普勒雷达资料分析[J].干旱区研究,26(5):656-663.Fu Shuangxi,Zhang Hongfa,Chu Rongzhong.2009.Analysis on the Doppler Radar data of a heavy rainfall process in the Central Hexi Corridor[J].Arid Zone Research,26(5):656-663.
[4]郭小芹,刘明春.2011.河西走廊近40a气候生产潜力特征研究[J].中国沙漠,31(5):1323-1329.Guo Xiaoqin,Liu Mingchun.2011.Spatiotemporal characteristics of climate productivity potential during last 40 years in the Hexi Corridor[J].J Desert Res,31(5):1323-1329.
[5]何金海,刘芸芸,常越.2005.西北地区夏季降水异常及其水汽输送和环流特征分析[J].干旱气象,23(1):10-16.He Jinhai,Liu Yunyun,Chang Yue.2005.Analysis of summer precipitation anomaly and the feature of water vapor transport and circulation in Northwest China[J].J Arid Meteor,23(1):10-16.
[6]黄荣辉,陈际龙.2010.我国东、西部夏季水汽输送特征及其差异[J].大气科学,34(6):1035-1045.Huang Ronghui,Chen Jilong.2010.Characteristics of the summertime water vapor transports over the eastern part of China and those over the western part of China and Their difference[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci,34(6):1035-1045.
[7]贾文雄,何元庆,李宗省,等.2008.祁连山及河西走廊气候变化的时空分布特征[J].中国沙漠,28(6):1151-1155.Jia Wenxiong,He Yuanqing,Li Zongxing,et al.2008.Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of climate change in Qilian Mountains and Hexi Corridor[J].J Desert Res,28(6):1151-1155.
[8]孔祥伟,陶健红.2012.近51a甘肃夏季气温和降水极端事件变化[J].干旱区研究,29(6):965-971.Kong Xiangwei,Tao Jianhong.2012.Change of extreme temperature and precipitation events in Gansu Province in summer in recent 51 years[J].Arid Zone Research,29(6):965-971.
[9]孔祥伟,陶健红,刘治国,等.2015.河西走廊中西部干旱区极端暴雨个例分析[J].高原气象,34(1):70-81.Kong Xiangwei,Tao Jianhong,Liu Zhiguo,et al.2015.Case analysis of extreme rainstorm in arid zone of the midwestern Gansu Corridor[J].Plateau Meteor,34(1):70-81.
[10]李江林,李照荣,杨建才,等.2012.近10年夏季西北地区水汽空间分布和时间变化分析[J].高原气象,31(6):1574-1581.Li Jianglin,Li Zhaorong,Yang Jiancai,et al.2012.Analyses on spatial distribution and temporal variation of atmosphere water vapor over northwest China in summer of later 10 years[J]. Plateau Meteor,31(6):1574-1581.
[11]李江林,余晔,王宝鉴,等.2014.河西西部一次大到暴雨过程诊断分析及数值模拟[J].高原气象,33(4):1034-1044.Li Jianglin,Yu Ye,Wang Baojian,et al.2014.Analysis of heavy rain to rainstorm event on the west of the Gansu Corridor[J]. Plateau Meteor,33(4):1034-1044.
[12]李江萍,杜亮亮,张宇,等.2012.玛曲地区夏季强降水的环流分型及水汽轨迹分析[J].高原气象,31(6):1582-1590.Li Jiangping,Du Liangliang,Zhang Yu,et al.2012.Analysis on circulation pattern and water vapor source of heavy precipitation in Maqu region[J]. Plateau Meteor,31(6):1582-1590.
[13]李文莉,王宝鉴,吉惠敏,等.2013.河西干旱区短时强降水过程的中尺度分析[J].干旱气象,31(2):318-326.Li Wenli,Wang Baojian,Ji Huimin,et al.2013.Mesoscale analysis of heavy rainfall process in Hexi arid area in Gansu Province[J].J Arid Meteor,31(2):318-326.
[14]栾晨,宋敏红,蔡英,等.2012.西北区西部夏半年强降水分布与变化特征[J].高原气象,31(3):629-637.Luan Chen,Song Minhong,Cai Ying,et al.2012.Distribution and change feature of intense precipitation in the west part of Northwestern China during summer half years[J]. Plateau Meteor,31(3):629-637.
[15]马京津,高晓清.2006.华北地区夏季平均水汽输送通量和轨迹的分析[J].高原气象,25(5):893-899.Ma Jingjin,Gao Xiaoqing.2006.The transportation paths of water vapor and its relation to climate change over North China[J]. Plateau Meteor,25(5):893-899.
[16]盛裴轩,毛节泰,李建国,等.2003.大气物理学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,17-19.Sheng Peixuan,Mao Jietai,Li Jianguo,et al.2003.Atmospheric Physics[M].Beijing:Peking University Press,17-19.
[17]滕水昌,渠永兴,王坚,等.2007,河西走廊一次突发性暴雨天气的诊断分析[J].干旱气象,25(3):66-71.Teng Shuichang,Qu Yongxin,Wang Jian,et al.2007.Synoptic Diagnosis of a Sudden Rain storm Process in Hexi Corrider[J].J Arid Meteor,25(3):66-71.
[18]王伏村,许东蓓,修韶宇,等.2014.一次西北地区东部大暴雨的物理机制分析[J].高原气象,33(6):1501-1513.Wang Fucun,Xu Dongbei,Xiu Shaoyu,et al.2014.Mechanism analysis of a rainstorm occurred in the eastern part of northwest China[J].Plateau Meteor,33(6):1501-1513.
[19]王可丽,江灏,赵红岩.2005.西风带与季风对中国西北地区的水汽输送[J].水科学进展,16(3):432-438.Wang Keli,Jiang Hao,Zhao Hongyan.2005.Atmospheric water vapor transport from westerly and monsoon over the Northwest China[J].Advances of Water Science,16(3):432-438.
[20]王秀荣,徐祥德,王维国.2007.西北地区春、夏季降水的水汽输送特征[J].高原气象,26(4):749-758.Wang Xiurong,Xu Xiangde,Wang Weiguo.2007.Charateristic of spatial transportation of water vapor for Northwest China's rainfall in spring and summer[J].Plateau Meteor,26(4):749-758.
[21]西北暴雨编写组.1992.西北暴雨[M].北京:气象出版社,1-24.Editorial Group of the Heave Rain in Northwest China.1992.Heavy rain in Northwest China[M].Beijing:China Meteorology Press,1-24.
[22]杨莲梅,张云惠,汤浩.2012.2007年7月新疆三次暴雨过程的水汽特征分析[J].高原气象,31(4):963-973.Yang Lianmei,Zhang Yunhui,Tang Hao.2012.Analyses on water vapor characteristics in three heavy rainstorm processes of Xinjiang in July 2007[J]. Plateau Meteor,31(4):963-973.
[23]俞亚勋,王宝灵,董安详.2000.西北地区大气水分和水汽平均输送特征[C].北京:气象出版社,221-227.Yu Yaxun,Wang Baoling,Dong Anxiang.2000.The average transport characteristics of atmospheric moisture and water vapor in the northwest region of China[C].Beijing:China Meteorology Press,221-227.
[24]俞亚勋,王劲松,李青燕.2003.西北地区空中水汽时空分布及变化趋势分析[J].冰川冻土,25(2):149-156.Yu Yaxun,WangJinsong,LI Qingyan.2003.Spatial and temporal distribution of water vapor and its variation trend in atmosphere over northwest China[J]. J Glaciology Geocryology,25(2):149-156.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发 技术支持：support@magtech.com.cn