论文

青藏高原春季地表感热异常对西北地区东部降水变化的影响

  • 周俊前 ,
  • 刘新 ,
  • 李伟平 ,
  • 朱陵晶 ,
  • 吴辉
展开
  • 中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境变化与地表过程实验室, 北京 100101;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3. 中国气象局国家气候中心气候研究开放实验室, 北京 100081

收稿日期: 2015-03-26

  网络出版日期: 2016-08-28

基金资助

公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306020);国家自然科学基金项目(41175005,41275075,91437219)

Relationship between Surface Sensible Heating over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and Precipitation in the Eastern Part of Northwest China in Spring

  • ZHOU Junqian ,
  • LIU Xin ,
  • LI Weiping ,
  • ZHU Lingjing ,
  • WU Hui
Expand
  • Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2015-03-26

  Online published: 2016-08-28

摘要

利用青藏高原地区代表站点的实测地表热通量数据、JRA-55和NCEP再分析资料以及中国西北地区东部代表站点的降水资料等数据,通过波文比分析、奇异值分析(下称SVD)以及环流场的合成分析等方法,研究了青藏高原地区春季地表加热场异常与同期中国西北地区东部降水变率的关系,结果表明:(1)高原春季波文比值的变化反映出高原地表的非绝热加热中,春季感热加热的贡献较为显著,是高原春季地表加热的主要成分;(2)SVD分析表明,春季高原地表感热的异常与同期中国西北地区东部的降水存在负相关关系,春季高原地表感热增强的年份,中国西北地区东部的春季降水减少;(3)春季地表感热强-弱年的高原周边垂直环流偏差场表明,春季高原地表感热的年际异常增强(减弱)会引起高原周边地区的垂直环流场上升气流的减弱(增强);(4)相对涡度场、位势高度场、风场和水汽通量散度场的合成分析表明,春季高原地表感热偏强的年份,中国西北地区东部对流层高层以正涡度和气流的辐合运动异常为主,中低层以负涡度和辐散下沉运动异常为主,因此中国西北地区东部春季的水汽辐合由低层向高层逐渐减弱,不利于春季降水的发生。

本文引用格式

周俊前 , 刘新 , 李伟平 , 朱陵晶 , 吴辉 . 青藏高原春季地表感热异常对西北地区东部降水变化的影响[J]. 高原气象, 2016 , 35(4) : 845 -853 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00053

Abstract

To study the relationship between spring surface heat abnormal field over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the precipitation in eastern part of Northwest China, in-situ surface heat flux data on four representative sites to analysis the change characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, then the relationship between spring surface sensible heat over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and spring rainfall in the eastern part of Northwest China at interannual time scale was studied by using JRA-55 and NCEP reanalysis data and site observation of rainfall in the eastern part of Northwest China, research results indicate that: (1) The sensible heat flux contributes more than the latent heat flux and is the main part of the surface diabatic heating field over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in spring. (2) There is a negative correlation between the rainfall anomalies of the eastern part of Northwest China and the surface sensible heat anomalies over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau; (3)Stronger surface sensible heating over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in spring leads to weaker upward movement of the vertical circulation over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding areas in the same season and vice versa; (4) Composite analysis of relative vorticity, geopotential height, wind and water vapor flux divergence in the eastern part of Northwest China shows that when the inter-annual anomalies of spring surface sensible heating on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is positive, there is positive anomaly of vorticity in the upper troposphere and negative vorticity in the middle and lower troposphere in the studied areas, airflows exit convergence movement on the higher level and sinking motion on the lower levels, weakening the moisture convergence from lower to higher level, resulting in the decrease of spring rainfall in the eastern part of Northwest China.

参考文献

[1]Flohn H.1957.Large-scale aspects of the summer monsoon in south and east Asia[J].J Meteor Soc Japan, 75:180-186.
[2]Luo Huibang, Micho Yanai.1983.The large-scale circulation and heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the early summer of 1979.Part I:Precipitation and kinematic analyses[J].Mon Wea Rev, 111:922-944.
[3]Luo Huibang, Micho Y.1984.The large-scale circulation and heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas during the early summer of 1979.Part II:Heat and moisture budgets[J].Mon Wea Rev, 112:966-989.
[4]Wu G X, Liu Y M, He B, et al.2012.Thermal controls on the Asian summer monsoon[J].Sci Rep, 2(404), doi:10.1038/srep00404.
[5]Wu G X, Zhu B Z, Gao D Y.1996.The impacts of Tibetan Plateau on local and regional climate[C]//From Atmosphere Circulation to Gloal Change-Celebration of the 80<sup>th</sup> Birthday of Professor Ye Duzheng.Beijing:China Meteorological Press, 425-440.
[6]蔡晓军, 李栋梁, 姚辉.1998.中国西北地区春末夏初降水异常的时空变化特征[J].高原气象, 17(2):1-12.Cai Xiaojun, Li Dongliang, Yao Hui.1998.The spatial and temporal variation features of precipitation anomaly during late spring and early summer over northwest China[J].Plateau Meteor, 17(2):1-12.
[7]黄山江, 王谦谦, 刘星燕.2004.西北地区春季和夏季降水异常特征分析[J].南京气象学院学报, 27(3):336-346.Huang Shanjiang, Wang Qianqian, Liu Xingyan.2004.Analysis of anomalous characteristics of spring and summer precipitation in northwest China[J].J Nanjing Insti Meteor, 27(3):336-346.
[8]李栋梁, 陈丽萍.1990.青藏高原地面加热场强度与东亚环流及西北初夏旱的关系[J].应用气象学报, 1(4):383-391.Li Dongliang, Chen Liping.1990.The relation of surface heating over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to the east Asian circulation and the early summer drought in northeast of China[J].J Appl Meteor, 1(4):383-391.
[9]李永华, 卢楚瀚, 徐海明, 等.2011.夏季青藏高原大气热源与西南地区东部旱涝的关系[J].大气科学, 35(3):422-434.Li Yonghua, Lu Chuhan, Xu Haiming, et al.2011.Contemporaneous relationships between summer atmospheric heat source over the Tibetan Plateau and drought/flood in eastern Southwest China[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci, 35(3):422-434.
[10]刘奇, 傅云飞.2007.夏季青藏高原潜热分布及其廓线特征[J].中国科学技术大学学报, 37(3):303-310.Qi Liu, Fu Yunfei.2007.Characteristics of Latent Heating over the Tibetan Plateau during Summer[J].The Journal of University of Science and Technology of China, 37(3):303-310.
[11]刘新, 李伟平, 吴国雄.2002.夏季青藏高原加热和北半球环流年际变化的相关分析[J].气象学报, 60(3):266-277.Liu Xin, Li Weiping, Wu Guoxiong.2002.Interannual variation of the diabatic heating over the Tibetan Plateau and the northern hemispheric circulation in summer[J].Acta Meteor Sinica, 60(3):266-277.
[12]罗会邦, 陈蓉.1995.夏半年青藏高原东部大气热源异常对环流和降水的影响[J].气象科学, 15(4):41-50.Luo Huibang, Chen Rong.1995.The impact of the anomalous heat sources over the eastern Tibetan Plateau on the circulation over east Asia in summer half year[J].J Meteor Sci, 15(4):41-50.
[13]钱正安, 吴统文, 梁潇云.2001.青藏高原及周围地区的平均垂直环流特征[J].大气科学, 25(4):444-454.Qian Zhengan, Wu Tongwen, Liang Xiaoyun.2001.Features of mean vertical circulation over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its neighborhood[J].Chinese J.Atmos Sci, 25(4):444-454.
[14]陶健红, 吴洪宝, 白虎志.2005.中国西北地区气候变化与同期西北气象场异常的关系[J].干旱区研究, 22(4):465-470.Tao Jianhong, Wu Hongbao, Bai Huzhi.2005.Relationships between climate change and abnormalities of meteorological fields during corresponding period in Northwest China[J].Arid Zone Res, 22(4):465-470.
[15]王澄海, 王式功, 杨德保, 等.2001.西北春季降水的基本和异常特征[J].兰州大学学报, 37(3):104-111.Wang Chenghai, Wang Shigong, Yang Debao, et al.2001.Studies on basic and anomaly of features of precipitation during Spring in Northwest China[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Nature Sciences), 37(3):104-111.
[16]王同美, 吴国雄, 万日金.2008.青藏高原的热力和动力作用对亚洲季风区环流的影响[J].高原气象, 27(1):1-9.Wang Tongmei, Wu Guoxiong, Wan Rijin.2008.Influences of the mechanical and thermal forcing of Tibetan Plateau on the circulation of the Asian summer Monsoon area[J].Plateau Meteor, 27(1):1-9.
[17]王学佳, 杨梅学, 万国宁.2013.近60年青藏高原地区地面感热通量的时空演变特征[J].高原气象, 32(6):1557-1567.Wang Xuejia, Yang Meixue, Wan Guoning.2013.Temporal-Spatial distribution and evolution of surface sensible heat flux over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during last 60 years[J].Plateau Meteor, 32(6):1557-1567.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00151.
[18]吴国雄, 刘新, 张琼, 等.2002.青藏高原抬升加热气候效应研究的新进展[J].气候与环境研究, 7(2):184-201.Wu Guoxiong, Liu Xin, Zhang Qiong, et al.2002.Progresses in the study of the climate impacts of the elevated heating over the Tibetan Plateau[J].Climatic Environ Res, 7(2):184-201.
[19]吴国雄, 刘屹岷.2000.热力适应、过流、频散和副高?.热力适应和过流[J].大气科学, 24(4):433-446.Wu Guoxiong, Liu Yimin.2000.Thermal adaptation, overshooting, dispersion, and subtropical anticyclone Part I:Thermal Adaptation and Overshooting[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci, 4(4):433-446.
[20]吴国雄, 毛江玉, 段安民, 等.2004.青藏高原影响亚洲夏季气候研究的最新进展[J].气象学报, 62(5):528-540.Wu Guoxiong, Mao Jiangyu, Duan Anmin, et al.2004.Recent progress in the study on the impacts of Tibetan Plateau on Asian summer climate[J].Acta Meteor Sinica, 62(5):528-540.
[21]谢金南, 周嘉陵.2001.西北地区中、东部降水趋势的初步研究[J].高原气象, 20(4):362-367.Xie Jinnan, Zhou Jialing.2001.A preliminary study on trends and interannual variation of precipitation in central and western portions of northwest region of China[J].Plateau Meteor, 20(4):362-367.
[22]徐国昌, 张志银.1994.青藏高原对西北干旱气候形成的作用[J].高原气象, 2(2):8-15.Xu Guochang, Zhang Zhiyin.1994.The effect of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau on the formation of dry climate over the northwest of China[J].Plateau Meteor, 2(2):8-15.
[23]杨绚, 李栋梁.2008.中国干旱气候分区及其降水量变化特征[J].干旱气象, 26(2):17-24.Yang Xuan, Li Dongliang.2008.Precipitation variation characteristics and arid climate division in China[J].Arid Meteorol, 26(2):17-24.
[24]姚玉璧, 王劲松, 王莺, 等.2015.黄土高原春季干旱时空分异特征[J].高原气象, 34(1):30-38.Yao Yubi, Wang Jinsong, Wang Ying, et al.2015.Anomaly temporal-spatial distribution of spring drought on Loess Plateau in China[J].Plateau Meteor, 34(1):30-38.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00179.
[25]叶笃正, 高由禧.1979.青藏高原气象学[M].北京:科学出版社, 2-9.Ye Duzheng, Gao Youxi.1979.Qinghai-Xizang plateau meteorology[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press, 2-9.
[26]叶笃正, 罗四维, 朱抱真.1957.西藏高原及其附近的流场结构和对流层大气的热量平衡[J].气象学报, 28(1):108-121.Yeh Tu-cheng, Luo Szu-wei, Chu Paochen.1957.The wind structure and heat balance in the lower troposphere over Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding[J].Acta Meteor Sinica, 28(1):108-121.
[27]张林源, 蒋兆理.1992.论我国西北干旱气候的成因[J].干旱区地理, 15(2):1-11.Zhang Linyuan, Jiang Zhaoli.1992.The genesis of the arid climate of northwestern China[J].Arid Land Geo, 15(2):1-11.
[28]张雪梅, 江志红, 兰博文.2010.西北地区水汽输送特征及其年际、年代际变化[J].灾害学, 25(4):27-32.Zhang Xuemei, Jiang Zhihong, Lan Bowen.2010.Characteristics of water vapor transportation over northwest China and its inter-annual and inter-decadal variation[J].J Catastr, 25(4):27-32.
[29]赵勇, 李如琦, 杨霞, 等.2013.5月青藏高原地区感热异常对北疆夏季降水的影响[J].高原气象, 32(5):1215-1223.Zhao Yong, Li Ruqi, Yang Xia, et al.2013.Impact of the anomaly of surface sensible heat in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding areas on summertime precipitation Northern Xinjiang[J].Plateau Meteor, 32(5):1215-1223.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00117.
[30]竺夏英, 刘屹岷, 吴国雄.2012.夏季青藏高原多种地表感热通量资料的评估[J].中国科学:地球科学, 42(7):1104-1112.Zhu X Y, Liu Y M, Wu G X.2012.An assessment of summer sensible heat flux on Tibetan Plateau from eight data sets[J].Sci China Ser D:Earth Sci, 42(7):1104-1112.
文章导航

/