高原气象

高原气象 >

2016 , Vol. 35 >Issue 5: 1317 - 1326

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00030

论文

大气层结对流稳定条件下一次区域性暴雨的成因

  • 刘勇 ,
  • 袁媛 ,
  • 潘留杰 ,
  • 徐娟娟
展开
  • 陕西省气象台, 西安 710015;南京市江宁区气象局, 南京 210022

收稿日期: 2013-10-18

  网络出版日期: 2016-10-28

基金资助

中国气象局关键技术集成与应用项目（CMAGJ2012M50）

收起

Formation Mechanisms of A Regional Rainstorm under the Stable Atmospheric Stratification

  • LIU Yong ,
  • YUAN Yuan ,
  • PAN Liujie ,
  • XU Juanjuan
Expand
  • Shaanxi meteorological observatory, Xi'an 710015, China;Jiangning Meteorological Bureau, Nanjing 210022, China

Received date: 2013-10-18

  Online published: 2016-10-28

Fold

摘要

利用常规气象观测资料、地面逐时降雨量、物理量场和雷达、卫星云图资料，对2011年9月5-6日陕西中部一次区域性暴雨的成因进行了综合分析，结果表明：这次区域性暴雨出现在连阴雨当中，覆盖了陕西中部和南部地区，具有降水强度弱、持续时间长、局地性不强的特点，属于稳定性降水。强降水是在大气层结对流稳定的条件下产生的，低层对流有效位能和高架的CAPE都是0 J·kg-1；分析条件性对称不稳定条件发现降水前期的垂直运动来自于锋面强迫以及锋面上的条件性对称不稳定，后期的垂直运动主要来自于锋面强迫。低层东路冷空气不仅起到冷垫的抬升作用，还增强了大气低层锋区和大气的斜压性，有利于暴雨的产生；卫星云图、雷达回波证实强降水主要是弱对流云带或层状云造成的；低层充沛的水汽条件、较强的锋区和水汽辐合是此类暴雨产生的主要原因。

关键词： 大气层结对流稳定; 暴雨; 水汽条件; 锋区; 水汽辐合

本文引用格式

刘勇 , 袁媛 , 潘留杰 , 徐娟娟 . 大气层结对流稳定条件下一次区域性暴雨的成因[J]. 高原气象, 2016 , 35(5) : 1317 -1326 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00030

Abstract

The course of a regional rainstorm from 5 to 6 September 2011 in the middle of Shannxi province is integrated analyzed by using the routine meteorological observation data, surface hourly precipitation, physical quantity field, radar and satellite cloud imagery data. The result shows that the regional rainstorm appears in continuous rain which covers central and southern Shaanxi, with characteristics of weak precipitation intensity, long duration and not much local. It is a steady precipitation. This strong precipitation occurred under the condition of stable atmospheric stratification convection; Lower and elevated CAPE are both 0 J·kg-1. By analyzing conditional symmetric instability conditions, it finds that vertical movement of the early precipitation comes from the forced fronts and conditional symmetric instability condition., while the vertical movement lately mainly comes from forced fronts. The cold air form the east area in low level not only plays the role of rising cold wedge, but also enhanced the atmospheric baroclinicity and frontal zone at lower level. Above all, they are conducive to the generation of heavy rain. It is confirmed by satellite cloud imagery and radar echo that strong precipitation is formed by the weak convective cloud belt or stratiform cloud; Low level flush water vapor condition, strong frontal zone and vapor convergence are the main course of the rainstorm.

Key words： Atmospheric stratifi; Rainstorm; Water vapor conditio; Frontal zone; Vapor convergence

参考文献

[1]Doswell III C A, Brooks H E, Maddox R A.1996.Flash flood forecasting:An ingredients-based methodology[J].Wea Forecasting, 11(4):560-581.
[2]Emannual K A.1989.The finite-amplitude nature of tropical cyclogenesis[J].J Atmos Sci, 46(22):3431-3456.
[3]Snook J S.1992.Current techniques for real-time evaluation of conditional symmetric instability[J].Wea Forecasting, 7(3):430-439.
[4]Wiesmueller J L, Zubrick S M.1998.Evaluation and application of conditional symmetric instability, equivalent potential vorticity, and frontogenetical forcing in an operational forecasting environment[J].Wea Forecasting, 13(1):84-101.
[5]Bai Huzhi, Dong Wenjie.2005.Climate features and formation causes of autumn rain over Southwest China[J].Plateau Meteor, 23(6):884-889.<br/>白虎志, 董文杰.2005.华西秋雨的气候特征及成因分析[J].高原气象, 23(6):884-889.
[6]Bao Yuanyuan, Abulimiti, Li Feng, et al.2003.Space-time distribution and physical mechanisms of autumn rains in West China in 2001[J].Quart J Appl Meteor, 14(2):215-222.<br/>鲍媛媛, 阿布力米提, 李峰, 等.2003.2001年华西秋雨时空分布特点及其成因分析[J].应用气象学报, 14(2):215-222.
[7]Bi Baogui, Bao Yuanyuan, Li Zechun.2006.Structure and causes of"02·6"extremely heavy rain in the Southern Shaanxi Province[J].Plateau Meteor, 25(01):34-44.<br/>毕宝贵, 鲍媛媛, 李泽椿.2006."02·6"陕南大暴雨的结构及成因分析[J].高原气象, 25(01):34-44.
[8]Cheng Yanhong, Lu Hancheng.2006.The interaction between forced and instable convection[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci, 30(4):609-618.<br/>程艳红, 陆汉城.2006.强迫流与不稳定流的相互作用[J].大气科学, 30(4):609-618.
[9]Ge Jingjing, Lu Hancheng, Zhang Qun, et al.2012.Vorticity diagnosis of continuous rainstorm under the influence of strong developing mesoscale vortex[J].Plateau Meteor, 31(4):952-962.<br/>葛晶晶, 陆汉城, 张群, 等.2012.强烈发展的中尺度涡旋影响下持续性暴雨的位涡诊断[J].高原气象, 31(4):952-962.
[10]Guo Hu, Duan Li, Yang Bo, et al.2008.Mesoscale and microscale analysis on a local torrential rain event in fragrant hills area of Beijing on July 9, 2006[J].Quart J Appl Meteor, 19(3):265-275.<br/>郭虎, 段丽, 杨波, 等.2008.0679香山局地大暴雨的中小尺度天气分析[J].应用气象学报, 19(3):265-275.
[11]Hou Jianzhong, Sun Wei, Du Jiwen.2005.Analyses on circulation and dynamic features of a MCC on the side of Northeast Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Plateau Meteor, 24(5):805-810.<br/>侯建忠, 孙伟, 杜继稳.2005.青藏高原东北侧一次MCC的环境流场及动力分析[J].高原气象, 24(5):805-810.
[12]Jing Xi, Tu Nini, Jing Yu, et al.2013.MCC China temporal distribution and characteristics of synoptic[J].Plateau Meteor, 32(6):1597-1607.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2012.00141.<br/>井喜, 屠妮妮, 井宇, 等.2013.中国MCC时空分布与天气学特征分析[J].高原气象, 32(6):1597-1607.
[13]Li Ming, Gao Weiying, Hou Jianzhong, et al.2013.Analysis on a heavy rainstorm from southwest vortex moving toward northeast direction in Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces[J].Plateau Meteor, 32(1):133-144.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00014.<br/>李明, 高维英, 侯建忠, 等.2013.一次西南涡东北移对川陕大暴雨影响的分析[J].高原气象, 32(1):133-144.
[14]Liu Yong, Wang Chuan.2005.A diagnostic analysis of a local heavy rainfall event in weak convection condition[J].Meteor Mon, 31(8):14-18.<br/>刘勇, 王川.2005.一次弱对流引发局地特大暴雨天气的诊断分析[J].气象, 31(8):14-18.
[15]Luo Xiao, Li Dongliang, Wang Hui.2013.New evolution features of autumn rainfall in West China and its responses to atmospheric circulation [J].Plateau Meteor, 32(4):1019-1031.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00018.<br/>罗霄, 李栋梁, 王慧.2013.华西秋雨演变的新特征及其对大气环流的响应[J].高原气象, 32(4):1019-1031.
[16]Ma Hongqing, Ding Zhiying, Zhao Zhenjie, et al.2010.Thermodynamic structure of a returning flow heavy rain in spring over Hebei Province[J].Torrential Rain and Disasters, 29(3):224-230.<br/>马鸿青, 丁治英, 赵振杰, 等.2010.河北一次春季回流暴雨过程及其热力结构分析[J].暴雨灾害, 29(3):224-230.
[17]Miao Aimei, Jia Lidong, Li Miao, et al.2011.Comparative analysis of five transverse shear rainstorms during the year 2009 in Shanxi[J].Meteor Mon, 37(8):956-967.<br/>苗爱梅, 贾利冬, 李苗, 等.2011.2009年山西5次横切变暴雨的对比分析[J].气象, 37(8):956-967.
[18]Mu Jianli, Li Zechun, Chen Yun.2012.Characteristics of ground lightning and relationships of mesoscale convective systems and heavy rainfall in a strong rainstorm[J].Meteor Mon, 38(1):56-65.<br/>慕建利, 李泽椿, 谌芸.2012.一次强暴雨过程地闪活动特征与中尺度对流系统和强降水的关系[J].气象, 38(1):56-65.
[19]Sheng Rifeng, Wang Jun, Gong Dianli, et al.2011.Mesoscale analysis on a heavy rainstorm in Jinan on 18 July 2007[J].Plateau Meteor, 30(6):1554-1565.<br/>盛日锋, 王俊, 龚佃利, 等.2011.济南"7·18"大暴雨中尺度分析[J].高原气象, 30(6):1554-1565.
[20]Xue Chunfang, Dong Wenjie, Li Qing, et al.2012.Climate characteristic and formative cause of autumn rain in Weihe River Basin in recent 50 years[J].Plateau Meteor, 31(2):409-417.<br/>薛春芳, 董文杰, 李青, 等.2012.近50年渭河流域秋雨的特征与成因分析[J].高原气象, 31(2):409-417.
[21]Yin Jie, Wu Jing, Cao Xiaogang, et al.2009.Diagnostic analysis of a convection torrential rain in south of cold front[J].Meteor Mon, 35(11):39-47.<br/>尹洁, 吴静, 曹晓岗, 等.2009.一次冷锋南侧对流性暴雨诊断分析[J].气象, 35(11):39-47.
[22]Zhang Shoubao, Zhang Yingxin, Guo Pinwen.2009.Mesoscale analysis of a return-flow event with rain storm occurred over North China[J].Plateau Meteor, 28(5):1067-1074.<br/>张守保, 张迎新, 郭品文.2009.华北回流强降水天气过程的中尺度分析[J].高原气象, 28(5):1067-1074.
[23]Zhang Xiaoling, Tao Shiyan, Zhang Shunli.2004.Three types of heavy rainstorms associated with the Meiyu front[J].Chinese J Atmos Sci, 28(2):187-205.<br/>张小玲, 陶诗言, 张顺利.2004.梅雨锋上的三类暴雨[J].大气科学, 28(2):187-205.
[24]Zhang Yingxin, Zhang Shoubao.2006.Structural feature of the backflow precipitation over North China[J].J Nanjing Insti Meteor, 29 (1):107-113.<br/>张迎新, 张守保.2006.华北回流天气的结构特征[J].南京气象学院学报, 29 (1):107-113.
[25]Qing Tao, Shen Xinyong, Huang Wenyan, et al.2015.Analysis of equation for convective vorticity vector during a torrential rainfall process in Meiyu season of 2011[J].Plateau Meteor, 34(2):401-412.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2013.00204.<br/>庆涛, 沈新勇, 黄文彦, 等.2015.2011年梅汛期一次暴雨过程的对流涡度矢量方程诊断分析[J].高原气象, 34(2):401-412.
[26]Pan Liujie, Zhang Hongfang, Hou Jianzhong, et al.2015.Initiation and evolution of storm over Loess Plateau for weak synoptic forcing situations[J].Plateau Meteor, 34(4):982-990.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2014.00015.<br/>潘留杰, 张宏芳, 侯建忠, 等.2015.弱天气系统强迫下黄土高原强对流云的初生及演变[J].高原气象, 34(4):982-990.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发 技术支持：support@magtech.com.cn