Based on monthly rainfall series of seven homogeneous zones in India and 160 observational stations in China during 1951 to 2006, as well as monthly mean reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR and NOAA, the relationships between rainfall in each subregions over India and China are investigated. The results show that rainfall in July and August over the northwest and north mountains of India and Hetao and its vicinity areas (Hetao for short) of China exhibit a significant positive correlation, thus defining the midsummer rainfall of the northwest and North Mountains of India as North Indian summer monsoon (NISM). To further reveal the relevant mechanism of the NISM on the rainfall of Hetao, we discuss the relation from two aspects of teleconnection and water vapor transport. It is indicated that when the NISM is strong, Hetao is controlled by the southerly stream in front of abnormal depression, which is located to the southeast of Lake Baikal and tilts westward with the increase of altitude. In addition, the enhancement of NISM also induces the reinforcement of water vapor transporting to Hetao, which is favorable for more rainfall there than normal, and vice versa. Strong/weak NISM is often companied by a La Niña/El Niño event. Eastern equatorial Pacific anomalous SST plays an important role on Hetao rainfall through NISM, while NISM is still significantly correlated with the rainfall of Hetao after excluding the effect of eastern equatorial Pacific SST anomalies.
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