Characteristics of the Moist Pool over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its variation are analyzed by using ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 1979-2011.The result shows that, under the climate average state, to the global middle-high levels, there exists an entire layer of high humidity area over the Tibetan Plateau from June to September, which is known as the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Moist Pool in this paper. The vertical features of the Plateau Moist Pool are studied through the relative zonal difference of specific humidity. It is found that, during June and September, the Plateau Moist Pool is a vertical, deep and maximum center of the water vapor content to other parts of the globe at the same latitude. The value of water vapor content at different level inside the Moist Pool is above one time to three times of the zonal average. The high value areas of the relative zonal difference of specific humidity inside the Plateau Moist Pool are obviously extending obliquely to the downstream regions with the increase of the altitude and can reach 120°E and the areas east to it. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis shows that the Plateau Moist Pool in summer has three modes in spatial distribution as follows: the same signs in the whole, the reverse signs in the western and eastern, and the reverse signs in the southern and northern. The summer intensity index of the Plateau Moist Pool is defined in this paper, and it is found the Moist Pool has a significant increase trend in summer from 1979 to 2011, mainly with the oscillation cycle of 3~4 years and 7~8 years. The Plateau Moist Pool in summer has changed significantly around 1997.Since 1998, the Plateau Moist Pool in summer enhanced significantly, and the increase trend in the western is more stronger than that in the eastern. In the west of the Moist Pool, the increase trend of the upper air is stronger than that near the surface, and the maximum center is located near the 400~200 hPa. Finally, the results with three kinds of reanalysis data and the relating researches using sounding data and satellite data are integrated to analyze the applicability of the data in the study, and the analysis shows that the data for this study is applicable, and the results based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data in this paper are credible.
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