高原气象

高原气象 >

2017 , Vol. 36 >Issue 3: 667 - 674

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00062

论文

黄河源高寒湿地-大气间水热和碳交换通量日变化特征的观测分析

  • 罗琪 ,
  • 文军 ,
  • 王欣 ,
  • 田辉 ,
  • 王作亮
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  • 中国科学院西北生态环境与资源研究院, 中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室, 兰州 730000;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 620225

收稿日期: 2016-03-18

  网络出版日期: 2017-06-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（41530529，41375022）；中国科学院重点部署项目（KZZD-EW-13）

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Analysis of the Diurnal Characteristics of Water and Heat&CO2 Exchanges at the Alpine Wetland in the Source Region of the Yellow River

  • LUO Qi ,
  • WEN Jun ,
  • WANG Xin ,
  • TIAN Hui ,
  • WANG Zuoliang
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  • Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610225, China

Received date: 2016-03-18

  Online published: 2017-06-28

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摘要

黄河源区高寒湿地-大气间的水分和热量及碳交换过程是影响青藏高原气候变化的主要因素之一。本文从2013年7月16日至10月19日期间黄河源区麻多湿地下垫面湍流通量涡动相关系统和气象站观测资料中，每月选取3~4天晴天条件下的观测数据，分析了黄河源麻多湿地-大气间感热通量、潜热通量和CO2通量的日变化特征，并探讨了近地面能量平衡闭合度。结果表明：黄河源高寒湿地下垫面潜热通量和感热通量有日变化过程，日出后水分和热量交换通量逐渐增高，峰值均出现在12：00-16：00（北京时，下同）。在2013年夏季，黄河源湿地下垫面感热通量的最高值出现在9月15：30，达到了150.0 W·m-2，潜热通量的最高值出现在7月16：00，达到了300.0 W·m-2。黄河源高寒湿地生态系统的能量消耗主要以潜热为主，近地面能量的闭合度较差，达到了48.8%。湿地净生态系统的CO2交换通量日变化特征呈“U”型曲线，在整个植被生长季节的日变化过程中，日出后湿地系统吸收大气中的CO2，净生态系统CO2交换量NEE（Net Ecosystem Exchange）为负，中午达负极值，极值为-0.55 mg·m-2·s-1，出现在7月21日12：30；夜间下垫面释放CO2，NEE为正。进一步分析结果表明：CO2交换通量的变化动态范围受空气温度、太阳辐射和植被冠层的影响明显。

关键词： 黄河源; 感热; 潜热; CO2交换; 能量闭合度

本文引用格式

罗琪 , 文军 , 王欣 , 田辉 , 王作亮 . 黄河源高寒湿地-大气间水热和碳交换通量日变化特征的观测分析[J]. 高原气象, 2017 , 36(3) : 667 -674 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00062

Abstract

Water and heat & CO2 exchanges between alpine wetland and atmosphere are main causes of the regional climate change.In this paper, the energy and mass exchanges between the alpine wetland and atmosphere have been explored by using the datasets collected from the land surface process field experiment conducted from 16 July to 16 October, 2013 in the source region of the Yellow River.The diurnal characteristics of the sensible heat and latent heat & CO2 fluxes had been analyzed by statistical methods, the energy closure had also been analyzed.The results have shown:The diurnal variations of the sensible and latent heat fluxes in alpine wetland revealed diurnal characteristics every months, the sensible and latent heat flux increased after sun rise, the peak value of sensible heat flux appeared around 12:00-16:00 and reached 150.0 W·m-2, the latent heat flux appeared around 16:00 in July, and reached 300.0 W·m-2.During the whole summer period, the latent heat was the main consumption of net radiation in the wetland system.The energy closure reached 48.8%.The CO2 exchange flux displayed a "U" pattern during the whole growing period, the CO2 flux was downward after sun rise, and reached a peak in the middle daytime, the minimum value was -0.55 mg·m-2·s-1 at 15:30 on 21 July.Further analysis has shown that CO2 flux was controlled by air temperature, solar radiation and canopy.

Key words： The source region of; Sensible heat; Latent heat; CO2 excha; Energy closure

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