基于记录2400余个国家站建站至今的地面风自记观测数据文件，与2001以来自动站小时风速数据进行拼接整合，形成中国2400个站点从建站以来的逐小时风速序列；同时结合历史风速资料信息化特点，参考我国小时风速数据特性研制质量控制方案，完成中国逐小时台站观测风速数据集的研制。20世纪50年代，只有少部分地面观测站采用风自记观测，主要分布在我国东北、华北、江南等地区。风自记站数在70年代以后增加较快，逐渐接近地面观测站数。2004年以后，所有地面观测站均实现了风的逐小时观测。经分析，全国76.3%台站平均缺测率小于7%。2005年自动站开始自动观测后，正确率高于95%；可疑率在1969年和1970年最高，分别为0.21%和0.18%；错误率在1991年、1998年、1997年和2004年相对偏高，分别为0.013%、0.005%、0.001%、0.001%。利用研制的逐小时风速数据集，对青藏高原地区各季节风速日变化进行分析应用，结果表明：春季风速较大，各小时平均风速均高于其他三个季节。青藏高原东部（西部）地区在16：00（14：00）（如无特别说明，均指北京时）风速较大，06：00（06：00）风速较小。东部地区16：00风速明显大于西部地区14：00风速，分别为3.75 m·s-1和2.90 m·s-1。19952015年春季，东部峰时风速序列与平均风速都显示为减小趋势（通过0.01的显著性检验）；青藏高原西部峰时风速与平均风速序列无显著的变化趋势。
Station observation data is fundamental to data processing and climate analysis. Wind is the horizontal movement of air relative to the ground, and is the main item of ground meteorological observation. Based on wind recording observation data files of more than 2400 stations and hourly wind speed data of automatic stations which started from 2001, integration resulted in the formation of the hourly wind speed series. According to the information characteristics of wind speed data, the quality control is developed based on the hourly wind speed data in China. In 1950s, only a small part of the ground observation stations carried on wind observations, mainly distributed in Northeast China, North China, south of the Yangtze River and so on. The number of wind station increased rapidly after 1970s, gradually close to that of the ground observation station. After 2004, all ground stations realized the hourly observation of wind. By the analysis, the missing measure rate of 76.3% stations was less than 7% in China. Since the beginning of the automatic observation in 2005, the correct rate was higher than 95%. Suspicious rate was highest in 1969 and 1970, respectively, 0.21% and 0.18%. The error rate was higher in 1991, 1998, 1997 and 2004, which were 0.013%, 0.005%, 0.001% and 0.001%, respectively. By using the hourly wind speed dataset, the diurnal variation of wind speed in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was analyzed, the result shows that the maximum wind speed and the average hourly wind speed in spring is higher than the other three seasons. The maximum hourly wind speed in the western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is 2 hours earlier than that in the eastern region, and the hourly wind speed in the eastern region is larger than that in the western region. In the eastern (western) part of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the maximum velocity reaches on local time of 16:00 (14:00), and the minimum wind speed on local time of 06:00 (06:00). In the eastern region, the wind speed on local time of 16:00 is significantly greater than that in the western region on 14:00, the wind speed is 3.75 m·s-1 and 2.90 m·s-1, respectively. In the spring of 1995-2015, both the eastern peak wind and the average wind speed series show significant trends of decreasing (pass the test of significance of 0.01), but there is no significant trend of peak wind speed and mean wind speed series in Western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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