This study analysed the temporal and spatial distributions of thunder-gust winds in North China (Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi) based on the observed thunder data and significant weather reports from April to September during 2011-2015.The results showed that the thunder-gust winds occur mostly in June and July and from afternoon to early night; The start times of the large-scale thunder-gust winds are mainly from 13:00 (Beijing time, the same as after) to 15:00 and the durations are 4 to 8 hours; The frequency of gust on the plateau is greater than that on the flatland.This study divides the stations in North China into plateau stations and flatland stations based the altitudes of the stations, and analyzed the physical indicative characteristics of the thunder-gust wind processes by using the NCEP physical analysis field from April to September during 2011-2013.The results showed that most of the commonly used thermodynamic indexes need to take into account the seasonal factors; The threshold of DCAPE does not change with the seasons and has some indication of the occurrence and range of thunder-gust winds on the plateau and the flatland.In addition, CIN, vertical wind shear between 0 and 3 km, low-level divergence, the 500 hPa wind field, PWAT and the changes of the relative humidity of 500 hPa from 08:00 to 14:00 have some indication of the occurrence and range of thunder-gust winds in some specific aspects.The relative humidity of 850 hPa is below 50% when the thunder-gust wind process happened on the plateau, and the relative humidity of 850 hPa is larger than 50% when the thunder-gust wind process happened on the flatland.For the large-scale thunder-gust wind process occurring with large relative humidity of 850 hPa, the temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa is around 24~28℃, and for the large-scale thunder-gust wind process occurring with small relative humidity of 850 hPa, the temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa must be over 30℃.
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