In order to research the characteristics and sources of acid rain in the source region of the Yangtze River.This paper collected 402 precipitation samples from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015.From the analysis of pH value, electrical conductivity (EC), precipitation and wind speed of precipitation samples in the source region of the Yangtze River, especially for the analysis of the 14 acid rain events.And applied the HYSPLIT model to study the source of acid rain in the source area of the Yangtze River.The results show that:(1) Acid rain event occurred in the source region of the Yangtze river, and the precipitation of pH value less than 6.5 accounted for 61.69% of the total precipitation, the precipitation of pH value between 6.5 and 7.0 accounted for 37.56%, the precipitation of pH value was over 7 accounted for 0.75%.The source region of the Yangtze River had been seriously affected by the pollution sources from the surrounding area; (2) During the period of sampling, the variation range of pH value was 4.0~8.57, with the mean value 6.37.And the range of EC was 5.2~124.4 μs·cm-1, the average was 27.59 μs·cm-1.The order of pH in four seasons was summer > spring = winter > autumn, the value was 6.41, 6.37, 6.37 and 6.25, respectively.And the order of conductivity in the four seasons was spring > winter > summer > autumn, with the value was 37.62, 31.86, 25.75 and 24.04 μs·cm-1, respectively.(3) The source area of the Yangtze River was affected by the southwest monsoon from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015, which had occurred 5 times, accounted for 35.71% of the total number of acid rain events.And the occurrence of acid rain events affected by the westerly circulation has been up to 64.29% of the total number of times.So acid rain in the source region of the Yangtze River was mainly affected by the southwest monsoon and the westerly circulation.On the one hand, the occurrence of acid rain mainly controlled by industrial pollution and other pollutants coming from India, Nepal and other countries.On the other hand, because of the Qinghai Tibetan highway and the Qinghai Tibetan railway, there were a lot of cars coming and going.And the people in the summer to plateau tourism increased year by year, and more for self-driving travelling.This added additional pollutants (automobile exhaust) for the source of the Yangtze River.
[1]Asaf L, Nativ R, Hassan M A, et al. 2005. Influence of small-and large-scale variables on the chemical and isotopic compositions of urban rainwater, as illustrated by a case study in Ashdod, Israel[J]. J Geophys Res:Atmospheres, 110(D11):1-18.
[2]Gerengi H, Bereket G, Kurtay M. 2016. A morphological and electrochemical comparison of the corrosion process of aluminum alloys under simulated acid rain conditions[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 58:509-516.
[3]Li Zongxing, Feng Qi, Guo Xiaoyan, et al. 2015. The evolution and environmental significance of glaciochemistry during the ablation period in the north of Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Quaternary International, 374:93-109.
[4]Li Z X, Feng Q, Wang Q J, et al. 2016. Contribution from frozen soil meltwater to runoff in an in-land river basin under water scarcity by isotopic tracing in northwestern China[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 136:41-51.
[5]Li Zongxing, Gao Yan, Wang Yamin, et al. 2015. Can monsoon moisture arrive in the Qilian Mountains in summer?[J]. Quaternary International, 358:113-125.
[6]Li Zongxing, He Yuanqing, Wang Xufeng, et al. 2012. Altitude effects of extreme climate change in the southwest of China from 1961to 2008[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2012, 22(03):416-430.
[7]Lin C C, Liu J X, Cai Y Y, et al. 2009. Study on the relationship between meteorological conditions and acid rain in mid-eastern Fujian[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 83(2):180-187.
[8]Singh A K, Mondal G C, Kumar S, et al. 2007. Precipitation chemistry and occurrence of acid rain over Dhanbad, coal city of India[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 125(1-3):99-110.
[9]Duan Wei, Duan Xu, Xu Kai, et al. 2015. Research about radiosonde stations increase in southeast side of Qinhai-Xizang Plateau based on its water vapor characteristic[J]. Plateau Meteor, 34(2):307-317. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 10000534. 2014. 00024.<br/>段玮, 段旭, 徐开, 等. 2015.从水汽角度对青藏高原东南侧高空探测布局的分析[J].高原气象, 34(2):307-317.
[10]Hu Guangyin, Dong Zhibao, Lu JunFeng, et al. 2012. Land desertification and landscape pattern changes on the source region of the Yangtze River[J]. J Desert Res, 32 (2):314-322.<br/>胡光印, 董治宝, 逯军峰, 等. 2012.长江源区沙漠化及其景观格局变化研究[J].中国沙漠, 32(2):314-322.
[11]Huang Zhuo, Liu Yuexiao, Zhao Weihua, et al. 2016. Discussion on recent spatial-temporal distribution of water quality in Changjiang River Source area[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 33 (7):46-50.<br/>黄茁, 刘玥晓, 赵伟华, 等. 2016.长江源区近年水质时空分布特征探析[J].长江科学院院报, 33(7):46-50.
[12]Li Lin, Dai Sheng, Shen Hongyan, et al. 2012. Response of water resources to climate change and its future trend in the source region of the Yangtze River[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 67 (7):941-950.<br/>李林, 戴升, 申红艳, 等. 2012.长江源区地表水资源对气候变化的响应及趋势预测[J].地理学报, 67(7):941-950.
[13]Li Zhengquan, Ma Hao, Mao Yuding, et al. 2014. Analysis of acid rain characteristics of Lin'an regional background station using long-term observation data[J]. Environ Sci, 35 (2):481-489.<br/>李正泉, 马浩, 毛裕定, 等. 2014.临安本底站酸雨长期观测特征分析[J].环境科学, 35(2):481-489.
[14]Li Zong Xing, He Yuanqing, Xin Huijuan, et al. 2010. Spatio-temporal variations of temperature and precipitation in Mts. Hengduan region during 1960-2008[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 65 (5):563-579.<br/>李宗省, 何元庆, 辛惠娟, 等. 2010.我国横断山区1960-2008年气温和降水时空变化特征[J].地理学报, 65(5):563-579.
[15]Lin Houbo, You Qinglong, Jiao Yang. 2016. Water vapor transportation and its influences on precipitation in summer over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surroundings[J]. Plateau Meteor, 35(2):309-317. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 1000-0534. 2014. 00146.<br/>林厚博, 游庆龙, 焦洋. 2016.青藏高原及附近水汽输送对其夏季降水影响的分析[J].高原气象, 35(2):309-317.
[16]Liu Huolin, Hu Zeyong, Yang Yaoxian, et al. 2015. The study on numerical simulation of frozen thaw process on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteor, 34(3):676-683. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 1000-0534. 2015. 00021.<br/>刘火霖, 胡泽勇, 杨耀先, 等. 2015.青藏高原那曲地区冻融过程的数值模拟研究[J].高原气象, 34(3):676-683.
[17]Pan Xiao, Fu Yunfei. 2015. Analysis on climateological characteristics of deep and shallow precipitation cloud in summer over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteor, 34(5):1191-1203. DOI:10. 7522/J.ISSN. 1000-0534. 2014. 00112.<br/>潘晓, 傅云飞. 2015.夏季青藏高原深厚及浅薄降水云气候特征分析[J].高原气象, 34(5):1191-1203.
[18]Sun Genhou, Hu Zeyong, Wang Jiemin, et al. 2016. Comparison analysis of sensible heat fluxes at two spatial scales in Naqu Area[J]. Plateau Meteor, 35(2):285-296. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 1000-0534. 2015. 00088.<br/>孙根厚, 胡泽勇, 王介民, 等. 2016.那曲地区两种空间尺度感热通量的对比分析[J].高原气象, 35(2):285-296.
[19]Su Xingtao, Xu Liren, Wei Qiang, et al. 2016. Study of impacts of dust aerosol on precipitation over east Asia[J]. Plateau Mereor, 35(1):211-219. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 1000-0534. 2014. 00091.<br/>宿兴涛, 许丽人, 魏强, 等. 2016.东亚地区沙尘气溶胶对降水的影响研究[J].高原气象, 35(1):211-219.
[20]Xu Mei, Zhu Qinglin, Zhu Yuqiang, et al. 2016. Characteristics and variation trend of acid rain in Tianjin during the last 20 years[J]. Meteor Mon, 42(4):436-442.<br/>徐梅, 祝青林, 朱玉强, 等. 2016.近20年天津市酸雨变化特征及趋势分析[J].气象, 42(4):436-442.
[21]Yu Bo, Pu Weiwei, Feng Licheng, et al. 2013. Synoptic analysis on pH value in snowfall process in Beijing[J]. Plateau Meteor, 32(2):575-580. DOI:10. 7522/j.issn. 1000-0534. 2012. 00055.<br/>于波, 蒲维维, 冯立成, 等. 2013.影响北京地区降雪pH值的天气成因分析[J].高原气象, 32(2):575-580.
[22]Zhang Xinmin, Chai Fahe, Wang Shulan, et al. 2010. Research progress of acid precipitation in China[J]. Res Environ Sci, 23(5):527-532.<br/>张新民, 柴发合, 王淑兰, 等. 2010.中国酸雨研究现状[J].环境科学研究, 23(5):527-532.
