论文

青藏高原近30年降水变化特征分析

  • 韩熠哲 ,
  • 马伟强 ,
  • 王炳赟 ,
  • 马耀明 ,
  • 田荣湘
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  • 中国科学院青藏高原环境与地表过程实验室/中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心, 北京 100101;成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 四川 成都 610103;浙江大学地球科学学院气象信息与预测研究所, 浙江 杭州 310027

收稿日期: 2016-08-24

  网络出版日期: 2017-12-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(91637313,91637312,41661144043,91737205);中国科学院"百人计划"项目(马伟强);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究计划项目(QYZDJ-SSW-DQC019);欧盟第七框架项目"为气候再分析服务的地球观测数据验证"之第三课题(CORE-CLIMAX,313085)

Climatic Characteristics of Rainfall Change over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1980 to 2013

  • HAN Yizhe ,
  • MA Weiqiang ,
  • WANG Bingyun ,
  • MA Yaoming ,
  • TIAN Rongxiang
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  • Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Change and Land Surface Process/The Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610103, Sichuan, China;Meteorological Information and Forecasting Institute, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China

Received date: 2016-08-24

  Online published: 2017-12-28

摘要

利用中国地面气候资料月值数据集信息化资料中青藏高原地区具有代表性的20个站点所记录的降水日数和降水量资料,采用曼-肯德尔检验分析方法(MK检验)和小波分析的方法对青藏高原地区降水日数和降水量进行了时空分布特征的分析,并对其演变规律进行了初步的探讨。结果表明:在1980-2013年之间,我国青藏高原的年降水量与降水日数的变化趋势相反,即:年降水量随时间的推移而升高,年降水日数则随着时间的推移而减少。从1980-2013年以来的34年间,青藏高原降水日数的波动变化存在8年的周期,其年降水量存在5年和11年的波动周期;青藏高原地区降水分布由西北向东南逐渐增加,且降水日数与降水量在地区分布上呈相同的变化趋势,即降水量多的地方降水日数也大。此外,西藏地区年均降水日数与青海地区相比较大,其年均降水量也大于青海地区。

本文引用格式

韩熠哲 , 马伟强 , 王炳赟 , 马耀明 , 田荣湘 . 青藏高原近30年降水变化特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2017 , 36(6) : 1477 -1486 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00125

Abstract

Precipitation is an important factor in reflecting climatic characteristics. In this paper, Chinese ground climate data was used, 20 sites which represent the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area were selected and their precipitation days and precipitation data were recorded for analysis. Mann-Kendall test analysis method (MK-test) and wavelet analysis was used to analyze temporal and spatial features and evolution of precipitation days and precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The result shows that from 1980 to 2013, there was an opposite trend between the average annual precipitation changes in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the precipitation days. While the average annual rainfall increased, the average annual precipitation days decrease at the same time. Wavelet analysis by the regional annual average precipitation days of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau revealed that the number of precipitation days from 1980 to 2013 exist fluctuation cycle changes of 8 years. From the wavelet analysis of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau we can see that 5 years and 11 years is the period of fluctuation in the average annual precipitation average annual rainfall wavelet. At the same time it can be found that precipitation increase from northwest to southeast and the days of precipitation and precipitation gradually increase, too. This regional distribution shows a same trend. The average annual precipitation days in Tibet is larger while compared to Qinghai, and the average annual rainfall is also greater than the average annual rainfall in Qinghai.

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