高原气象

高原气象 >

2017 , Vol. 36 >Issue 6: 1487 - 1498

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00009

论文

一个新的青藏高原热力指数的构建及其应用

  • 贲海荣 ,
  • 周顺武 ,
  • 乔钰 ,
  • 单幸 ,
  • 李强
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  • 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/气候与环境变化国际合作 联合实验室, 江苏 南京 210044;台州市气象局, 浙江 台州 318000;山西省气象台, 山西 太原 030006;中国气象局华风影视集团, 北京 100081

收稿日期: 2016-08-03

  网络出版日期: 2017-12-28

基金资助

国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFA0602003）；国家自然科学基金项目（91337218，41605039）

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Construction and Applicaion of a New Index about the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Heating

  • BEN Hairong ,
  • ZHOU Shunwu ,
  • QIAO Yu ,
  • SHAN Xing ,
  • LI Qiang
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  • Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education(KLME), Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC), Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China;Taizhou Meteorological Bureau, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China;Shansi Meteorological Observatory, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China;Huafeng Group of Meteorological Audio & Video Information, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2016-08-03

  Online published: 2017-12-28

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摘要

利用1979-2014年ERA-Interim再分析月平均温度资料，分析了对流层中上层（500~150 hPa）温度纬向偏差的分布特征，并将青藏高原（下称高原）对流层中上层温度纬向偏差进行垂直积分后，尝试构建一个新的表征高原热力指数（Plateau Heating Index，PHI），并分析该指数的季节演变特征及其与东亚大气环流的关系。结果表明：（1）对流层中上层纬向温度偏差的暖中心存在着季节性的移动，即春季暖中心由西太平洋迅速移至高原，而秋季则快速东移到西太平洋；（2）PHI在年进程上呈现出明显的单峰型变化特征，在11月至翌年2月为负值，其余为正值；（3）各季PHI与纬向西风的显著相关区大致以30°N为界，呈现出北正南负的反向分布。当PHI增强时，高原北（南）部西风增强（减弱），副热带西风急流增强，反之亦然；（4）各季PHI与200 hPa位势高度的显著正相关均出现高原上空，表明高原对流层加热有利于其上空位势高度的增加。当夏季PHI偏强（弱）时，对应着南亚高压偏强（弱）。

关键词： 青藏高原; 对流层中上层; 温度纬向偏差; 热力指数; 副热带西风急流; 南亚高压

本文引用格式

贲海荣 , 周顺武 , 乔钰 , 单幸 , 李强 . 一个新的青藏高原热力指数的构建及其应用[J]. 高原气象, 2017 , 36(6) : 1487 -1498 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00009

Abstract

Based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis data of monthly mean temperature in recent 36 years (1979-2014), distributions of zonal deviation temperature in the mid-upper troposphere (500~150 hPa) are analyzed. According to the distributions, a new index by averaging in the zonal temperature deviation over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) from 500 to 150 hPa is introduced to measure the thermal forcing of the plateau. The index is called Plateau Heating Index (short for PHI). And seasonal variations of the index and its relationships with the circulation are also studied. The results show that the warm center of zonal temperature deviation in the mid-upper troposphere changes monthly. The main regular pattern shows that the warm center moves rapidly from Western Pacific to Qinghai-Tibetan Platea in spring, then moves to Western Pacific rapidly in autumn again. Changes of monthly PHI show a single maximum, which appears in July. And except the time from November to next February, the value of the PHI is always positive. Additionally, using monthly mean zonal winds and the potential height from ERA-Interim reanalysis data in recent 36 years (1979-2014), some patterns between the PHI and circulation in East Asia are found and they are also interesting. For the zonal winds in East Asia, the boundary of the positive and negative correlation coefficients between the zonal winds with PHI is located near 30°N in latitude. For specific performance, the correlation coefficients are positive in the north of the border and negative in the south of the border. Refer to the thermal wind relationship, the characteristic means that the westerly winds strengthen in the north of QTP and the westerly winds weaken in the south of QTP when PHI is strong, and vice versa. That is to say that the strong PHI benefits the strength of the subtropical westerly jets. Besides, the correlation coefficients between PHI and the potential height on 200 hPa over QTP are always positive, which indicates the heating in the troposphere in favorable to the increase of potential height over QTP. For further interpretation, the abnormality of PHI in summer can characterize the change of the South Asia High. When the value of PHI in summer is high (low), the anomaly of potential height over the plateau is positive (negative), and the South Asia High is strong (weak).

Key words： Qinghai-Tibetan Plat; mid-upper tropospher; zonal deviation of t; heating index; subtropical westerly; South Asia high

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