高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 1: 286 - 295

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00024

论文

黄土高原半干旱区沙尘气溶胶光学和微物理特性

  • 史莹莹 ,
  • 张镭 ,
  • 田鹏飞 ,
  • 刘慧 ,
  • 马强
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  • 半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室, 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;94188部队, 陕西 西安 710000

收稿日期: 2016-12-05

  网络出版日期: 2018-02-28

基金资助

国家重大科学研究计划项目（2012CB955302）

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The Optical and Microphysical Characteristics of Dust Aerosol over a Typical Semi-arid Region in Loess Plateau

  • SHI Yingying ,
  • ZHANG Lei ,
  • TIAN Pengfei ,
  • LIU Hui ,
  • MA Qiang
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  • Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;Unit 94188, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China

Received date: 2016-12-05

  Online published: 2018-02-28

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摘要

利用2006-2012年兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站太阳光度计资料，采用严格判断方法确定出沙尘气溶胶数据，分析沙尘气溶胶的光学和微物理特性。结果表明，沙尘气溶胶光学厚度最大值（2.80）出现在春季，主要分布在0.3~0.8，日均值0.63。Ångström波长指数与光学厚度位相相反，春季最小（0.002），秋季最大（0.525），主要分布在0.2~0.4，日均值0.27。沙尘多为大粒径气溶胶，粒子谱粗模态占主导。总粒子和粗模态粒子体积浓度变化很大，与光学厚度年变化一致，在4月达到最大。有效半径与复折射指数实部变化一致，春、冬季较大，夏、秋季较小。单次散射反照率冬、春小，夏、秋较大，最小值出现在2月，与复折射指数虚部反位相。

关键词： 沙尘气溶胶; SACOL; 光学厚度; 波长指数

本文引用格式

史莹莹 , 张镭 , 田鹏飞 , 刘慧 , 马强 . 黄土高原半干旱区沙尘气溶胶光学和微物理特性[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(1) : 286 -295 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00024

Abstract

Atmospheric aerosols regulate the balance of radiation budgets of the surface and atmosphere through direct, indirect and semi-direct effects, which affect regional and global climate change. In order to evaluate the aerosol radiation effects accurately, it is necessary to have a good understanding of aerosol optical and microphysical characteristics. At present, there is no sufficient understanding of the aerosol optical and microphysical characteristics over the typical semi-arid region in Loess Plateau. Based on the 2006-07-28 to 2012-08-10 sun photometer data from the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL), dust aerosol was determined by using a strict judgment, and then dust aerosol optical and microphysical characteristics were analyzed. The work has important scientific significance and application value. The main results are as follows:Spring has the highest (2.80) dust aerosol optical depth (AOD), which is mainly distributed from 0.3 to 0.8 (about 82%), with a daily average of 0.63±0.44, indicating that the largest number of dust days occur in spring. Ångström exponent with maximum and minimum in spring (0.002) and autumn (0.525), which is opposite in phase to AOD, ranges between 0.2~0.4 (about 56%) and has a daily average of 0.27±0.12, showing that dust aerosols are mainly large particle size. The coarse mode dominates the size distribution of the dust aerosol, and the spring concentration is the largest. Both total and coarse mode volume concentrations have similar annual variation to AOD and reach their maximum in April with the fine mode volume concentration changing very little. The aerosol total and coarse mode effective radius ranges from its maximum in spring to its minimum in autumn, and the amplitude of the fine mode particles is small. The real part of the refractive index with the change of the effective radius is higher in spring and winter while it's lower in summer and autumn, which indicates that dust aerosol has strong scattering. In opposite phase to imaginary part of refraction index, the single scattering albedo is larger in spring, but has a minimum value in February, so dust aerosol absorption is weaker than black carbon aerosol. The asymmetry factor reaches its minimum in spring, which indicates that dust aerosol has stronger forward scattering than other kinds of aerosols.

Key words： Dust aerosol; SACOL; AOD; angstr?m exponent

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