高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 2: 333 - 348

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00057

论文

青藏高原及周边地区垂直温度梯度特征及其成因分析

  • 程译萱 ,
  • 范广洲 ,
  • 张永莉 ,
  • 赖欣
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  • 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室/气候与环境变化联合实验室, 四川 成都 610225;南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏 南京 210044

收稿日期: 2017-04-11

  网络出版日期: 2018-04-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（91537214，41275079，41305077，41305042，41405069，41505078）；公益性（气象）行业科研专项（GYHY201506001）；四川省教育厅重点项目（16ZA0203）；成都信息工程大学中青年学术带头人科研基金项目（J201516，J201518）

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Analysis of Vertical Temperature Gradient Characteristics and Its Causes over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Its Surroundings

  • CHENG Yixuan ,
  • FAN Guangzhou ,
  • ZHANG Yongli ,
  • LAI Xin
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  • School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Joint Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China

Received date: 2017-04-11

  Online published: 2018-04-28

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摘要

利用1980-2015年ERA-Interim全球0.25°×0.25°月平均再分析温度场、风场、垂直速度场资料，分析了青藏高原（下称高原）上空垂直温度梯度（TG）特征及其成因。结果表明：（1）高原主体地区温度随高度升高而降低的程度要比周边地区大，东西两侧的温度随高度升高而降低得慢；（2）对流层中下层高原边缘陡峭地形区的TG变化程度比周边地区大，对流层中上层各层TG呈水平均匀分布；（3）非高原地区温度随高度升高而降低的程度略大于高原地区；在冬春季，两个区域的TG对外界因素变化的反应都很灵敏；（4）初步成因分析显示，对流层中下层高原边缘地区，非绝热加热（冷却）作用越强时，TG越小（大），温度随高度升高而降低的程度就越小（大）；对流层中上层，高原部分区域非绝热加热（冷却）作用越强，TG越大（小），温度随高度升高而降低的程度越大（小）；在高原整层大气中，非绝热加热（冷却）作用是引起温度随高度升高而降低得慢（快）的主要因素。

关键词： 青藏高原; 垂直温度梯度; 大气热源; 相关分析; 年内变化

本文引用格式

程译萱 , 范广洲 , 张永莉 , 赖欣 . 青藏高原及周边地区垂直温度梯度特征及其成因分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(2) : 333 -348 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00057

Abstract

Based on the ERA-Interim monthly mean reanalysis data of temperature field, wind filed and vertical velocity field from 1980 to 2015, the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) temperature gradient (TG) and its causes were studied. The results show:(1) The decreased degree of the temperature in the major region of QTP decreases faster with the rise of the altitude than that in the surrounding areas, and the temperature on both sides of the plateau decreases lower with the rise of the altitude. (2) The change degree of TG in the lower troposphere in the steep terrain area at the edge of QTP is greater than that in the surrounding areas, and TG in the upper-middle troposphere is in horizontal uniform distribution. (3) The decreased degree of the temperature in the non-plateau region decreases with the rise of the altitude, which is slightly higher than that in the plateau region; In winter and spring, TG in the both regions is sensitive to changes in external factors. (4) The initial cause analysis revealed that at the edge of plateau region in the lower troposphere, the stronger the effect of the non-adiabatic heating (cooling), the smaller (larger) the TG, and the smaller (larger) the reduced degree of the temperature decreased with the rise of the altitude; In the upper-middle troposphere, the stronger the effect of non-adiabatic heating (cooling) in some regions of the plateau, the larger (smaller) the TG, and the larger (smaller) the reduced degree of the temperature decreased with the rise of the altitude; The non-adiabatic heating (cooling) is the main factor that causes the temperature to decrease slowly (quickly) with the rise of the altitude in the whole atmosphere of the plateau.

Key words： Qinghai-Tibetan Plat; vertical temperature; atmospheric heat sou; correlation analysis; annual variation

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