高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 2: 443 - 454

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00052

论文

藏东南草地下垫面地气通量交换日变化的数值模拟

  • 李宏毅 ,
  • 肖子牛 ,
  • 朱玉祥
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  • 中国气象局气象干部培训学院, 北京 100081;中国科学院大气物理研究所/大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100029

收稿日期: 2017-03-28

  网络出版日期: 2018-04-28

基金资助

公益性行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY201206041）；国家自然科学基金项目（91637208）；气候变化专项（CCSF201706）；中国气象局气象预报业务关键技术发展专项[YBGJXM（2017）03-13]；国家自然科学青年基金项目（41505079）

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Numerical Simulation of Diurnal Variation of Surface-to-air Exchange over the Grassland in the Southeast Tibet

  • LI Hongyi ,
  • XIAO Ziniu ,
  • ZHU Yuxiang
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  • China Meteorological Administration Training Centre, Beijing 100081, China;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

Received date: 2017-03-28

  Online published: 2018-04-28

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摘要

利用2013年5月21日至7月9日藏东南地区草地下垫面的边界层观测数据，分别从典型晴天和长时间平均的角度，评估了中尺度模式WRF对藏东南草地下垫面在南亚季风爆发前后的感热、潜热、地表土壤热通量和地表辐射平衡各分量日变化的模拟能力，对比分析了模拟结果与边界层观测数据的异同点。对典型晴天少云状况的个例模拟和整个时段的平均结果分析均表明，模式对感热通量和潜热通量的日变化具有较好的模拟能力，感热比潜热的模拟效果好，在夜间感热和潜热的模拟效果好，而白天感热和潜热的模拟值大于观测值。典型晴天天气下的向下短波辐射和净辐射的模拟值与观测值基本一致，而向上短波辐射的模拟值在白天大于观测值。长时间平均的向下短波辐射、向上短波辐射和净辐射的模拟值在夜间也与观测数据基本一致，但在白天模拟值比观测值明显偏大。晴天个例和长时间模拟的向下长波辐射和向上长波辐射的模拟值在日循环整个过程中较观测值均偏小。长时间模拟的地表土壤热通量在早上和晚上低于观测值，而在白天高于观测值。虽然平均的结果分析和晴天个例的结果是类似的，但由于晴天个例没有降水过程的干扰，因此晴天天气状态下的分析结果更能一致地反映出这一地区的日变化特征。

关键词： 藏东南; 草地下垫面; 感热; 潜热; 辐射分量; WRF模式; 数值模拟

本文引用格式

李宏毅 , 肖子牛 , 朱玉祥 . 藏东南草地下垫面地气通量交换日变化的数值模拟[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(2) : 443 -454 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00052

Abstract

Based on the boundary layer observations of the grassland in Southeast Tibet for the period from 21 May to 9 July 2013, the WRF simulation capacity on the diurnal variations of sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, surface soil heat flux and each component of radiation balance over the grassland in Southeast Tibet before and after the South Asia summer monsoon burst was evaluated from perspective view of a typical sunny day and long-time average, respectively. This study is trying to find out the differences and similarities between simulation results and boundary layer observations. The results of the case simulation over a typical sunny day and the long-time simulation during the whole observation period all show that the model has a good performance in modeling the diurnal variations of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux, the simulating effect of sensible heat flux is better than that of latent heat flux. The simulating effects of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are good at night-time, and in the daytime, the simulated values of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux are larger than the observed values. The simulated values of downward shortwave radiation and net radiation over the typical sunny weather day are all basically consistent with the observed values, but the simulated values of upward shortwave radiation are larger than the observed values at day-time. The long-time simulation results of downward shortwave radiation, upward shortwave radiation and net radiation basically agree well with the observed data at night-time, but in the daytime, the simulated values are significantly larger than the observed values. Both the typical sunny day simulated values and the long-time simulated values of long wave radiation from the atmosphere and long wave radiation from the earth are smaller than the observed values during the whole day. The long-time simulated values of surface soil heat flux are lower than the observed values in the morning and evening, but in the daytime, the simulated values are higher than the observed values. While the long-time average results and the sunny day results are similar, but without the disturbance of precipitation process, the analysis results on sunny weather conditions can more consistently reflect the diurnal variation characteristics of this region.

Key words： Southeast Tibet; grassland; sensible heat flux; latent heat flux; components of radiat; WRF model; numerical simulation

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