基于SPEI和SPI指数的西江流域干旱多时间尺度变化特征

张立杰; 李健

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00013

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 2: 560 - 567

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00013

论文

基于SPEI和SPI指数的西江流域干旱多时间尺度变化特征

张立杰 ,
李健

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梧州学院, 广西梧州 543002;甘肃省生态环境监测监督管理局, 甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期: 2017-11-11

网络出版日期: 2018-04-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（41461005）

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Spatiotemporal Change of Drought at Various Time Scales Indicated by SPEI and SPI in Xijiang River Basin

ZHANG Lijie ,
LI Jian

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Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543000, Guangxi, China;Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received date: 2017-11-11

Online published: 2018-04-28

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摘要

利用1959-2016年西江流域34个国家气象站的月降水和月平均气温资料，计算了西江流域近57年来不同时间尺度（1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月）的标准降水指数（Standardized Precipitation Index，SPI）和标准降水蒸发指数（Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index，SPEI）。在此基础上，对比分析了干旱的时空演变特征及干旱指数的表征差异。结果表明：（1）在12个月尺度上，近57年来西江流域大部分地区干旱强度呈现极显著的加重趋势，干旱频率也呈现极显著的上升趋势。（2）在3个月尺度上，西江流域春旱和秋旱较为频繁，影响范围广，而夏旱和冬旱频率低，影响范围小。在12个月尺度上，2000年以后，干旱频率最高，影响范围也更广。（3）干旱频率高、易旱区范围最广的时期为20世纪80年代，其次分别为20102016年、20世纪60年代和21世纪00年代，在20世纪70年代和90年代易旱区影响范围较小，干旱频率较低。在12个月的尺度上，SPEI和SPI指数旱涝评价结果整体比较接近。（4）在1个月、3个月和6个月的尺度上，SPEI指数整体上低于SPI指数。尤其在冬季和春季各月SPEI指数远远低于SPI指数。

关键词： 西江流域; 标准降水指数; 标准降水蒸发指数; 多时间尺度

本文引用格式

张立杰 , 李健 . 基于SPEI和SPI指数的西江流域干旱多时间尺度变化特征[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(2) : 560 -567 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00013

Abstract

In this study, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of drought and difference between SPI and SPEI performance in Xijiang River basin. The two indices were calculated by using the observations at 34 meteorological stations during the period from 1959 to 2016. The results showed that:(1) A significant increasing trend of drought severity and drought frequency were detected at 12-month time scale in most areas of Xijiang River basin. (2) Drought showed more frequently and across a wider area at 3-month time scale in spring and autumn, and the same thing happened at 12-month time scale after 2000. (3) Drought with the highest frequency and the most extensive area were in 1980s, 2010-2016, 1960s and 2000s were more than other decades, and it was fewest in 1970s and 1990s. (4) Generally, SPEI and SPI index indicated the similar results in evaluating drought at 12-month time scale. The SPEI index is lower than overall SPI index at 1-month、3-month and 6-month time scale, the difference is very large greater, especially in spring and winter.

Key words： Xijiang River basin; standardized precipi; standardized precipi; multi-time scale

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