高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 3: 767 - 776

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00068

论文

一次六盘山两侧强对流暴雨中尺度对流系统的传播特征

  • 赵庆云 ,
  • 张武 ,
  • 陈晓燕 ,
  • 苟尚
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  • 半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室, 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;兰州中心气象台, 甘肃 兰州 730020

收稿日期: 2017-06-24

  网络出版日期: 2018-06-28

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0401003）；国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体项目（41521004）；中国气象局预报员专项（CMAYBY2018-077）

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Propagation Characteristics of Mesoscale Convection System in an Event of Severe Convection Rainstorm over Both Sides of Liupanshan Mountains

  • ZHAO Qingyun ,
  • ZHANG Wu ,
  • CHEN Xiaoyan ,
  • GOU Shang
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  • Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;Lanzhou Center Meteorological Observatory, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China

Received date: 2017-06-24

  Online published: 2018-06-28

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摘要

2016年8月24日19：00至25日08：00（北京时）在500 hPa副热带高压控制下，甘肃中东部、陕西关中出现强对流暴雨，19个乡镇出现大暴雨，最大降水量达158.7 mm，小时最大降水量达79.1 mm，且伴随雷电天气，呈现典型的强对流天气特征。利用卫星、雷达、地面加密资料、ECMWF细网格资料、NCEP再分析资料和常规观测资料，重点分析造成短时强降水的中尺度系统的发生、发展以及中尺度对流系统传播特征。结果表明，大暴雨主要由2个中尺度对流系统产生；中尺度对流系统的发生、发展与中尺度地面辐合线有密切关系；低层动力场的切变扰动在六盘山两侧形成东西向的辐合线，雷暴单体在辐合线附近强烈发展，整体随辐合线向偏南方向移动；六盘山以西的辐合线影响甘肃中部，六盘山东侧的辐合线在移动中分裂为两段：东段继续向偏南方向移动，影响甘肃陇东；西段移到关中西部时，沿峡谷进入关中西部的偏北风，受地形影响转为西北风，使辐合线由东西向转为南北向，雷暴单体随辐合线沿地形走向自西向东移动，影响关中；有利的动力、热力因素，对六盘山东侧中尺度对流系统的加强和传播方向的改变起到重要作用。

关键词： 地面辐合线; 地形; 对流单体传播; 对流云团; 大暴雨

本文引用格式

赵庆云 , 张武 , 陈晓燕 , 苟尚 . 一次六盘山两侧强对流暴雨中尺度对流系统的传播特征[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(3) : 767 -776 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00068

Abstract

Constrained by the subtropical anticyclone at 500 hPa, a severe convection rainstorm process was taking place in the region of middle-east part of Gansu province and the Central Shaanxi Plain from 19:00 Aug 24 to 08:00(Beijing Time) Aug 25, 2016. Arising rainstorm in 19 counties, with the maximum amount of daily precipitation of 158.7 mm and the highest 79.1 mm per hour, accompanied with lightning. It presented the features of a typical severe convection weather. Based on the data of satellite, radar, high resolution ground-base observations, ECMWF, NCEP and routine measurements, the occurrence and development of the mesoscale system, which was the main cause inducing the short time heavy precipitation, were analyzed, as well as the propagation characteristics of Mesoscale Convection System (MCS). The results show that there were two MCSs which were the main causes of the rainstorm. The occurrence and development of the MCS was close linked to the Convergence Line (CL) near the surface. The transmeridional CLs were taken shape near both westside and eastside of Liupanshan mountains due to the Shearing Disturbance(SD) in dynamical fields at low level, the Thunderstorm Cell (TC) was developing intensively near to the CL and moving southward with it overall. The westside CL had impact on the central part of Gansu. The eastside CL split in two parts, east section and west section. The first one moved continuously to southward affecting Longdong of Gansu, the second one changed into the north-south trending CL due to the complicated topography, while prevail north airflow turned to northwest in the west of the Central Shaanxi Plain. The TC moved from west to east along the terrain with the CL. Appropriate dynamical and thermal factors played an important role in the process of the enhancement of MCS and change of propagation direction over the east side of Liupanshan Mountains.

Key words： Surface convergence; topography; propagation of conve; convection clouds; severe rainstorm

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