论文

冬季1月昆明准静止锋进退及维持的结构特征

  • 张亚男 ,
  • 段旭
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  • 中国民用航空西南地区空中交通管理局贵州分局, 贵州 贵阳 550012;云南省气象科学研究所, 云南 昆明 650034

收稿日期: 2017-10-13

  网络出版日期: 2018-10-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41365006,41665004)

Structural Characteristics of the Advance, Retreat and Maintenance of Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front in January

  • ZHANG Yanan ,
  • DUAN Xu
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  • Guizhou Sub-bureau of Southwest Air Traffic Management Bureau of Civil Aviation of China, Guiyang 550012, Guizhou, China;Meteorological Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650034, Yunnan, China

Received date: 2017-10-13

  Online published: 2018-10-28

摘要

利用地面气象观测资料、ERA-Interim再分析数据以及DEM地形数据,使用合成分析方法,从大气环流场、锋面附近要素场及锋生函数诊断场探讨了昆明准静止锋在西进、东退及维持时的结构特征。结果表明,当锋后低层到地面等温线呈"V"型分布,锋后正的次级环流相对深厚,锋面易西进;当锋后低层呈较深厚的逆温层且锋后正次级环流较浅薄,锋面易东退;当逆温层仅限于低层而近地面为冷中心,锋面易维持。东西风风速零线西端在锋面左侧,锋面易西进,反之锋面易东退;零线的位置与锋面基本重合,锋面易维持。垂直运动倾斜项在锋面西进时105°E附近迎风坡出现强烈的锋消现象,锋面东退和维持时出现弱锋生现象。水平辐散项产生的强锋生区在锋面左侧时,指示锋面西进;强锋生区在锋面右侧,且锋生现象很弱时,指示锋面东退;锋面维持时,强锋生区与锋区基本重合。水平变形项中切变变形起主要的锋生作用,而由于冷气团受迎风坡影响,导致伸缩变形在104°E以东的锋后区域产生较强的锋生现象。

本文引用格式

张亚男 , 段旭 . 冬季1月昆明准静止锋进退及维持的结构特征[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(5) : 1375 -1387 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00011

Abstract

Based on the ground meteorological elements data, interim daily reanalysis data and DEM data, this paper discussed the structure of Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front (KQSF) when it moved westward, gone eastward and kept sustaining. The movements of KQSF are closely related to the weather of Yunnan, Guizhou and south Sichuan in winter, so it is important to study its frontal structure and shift mechanism. By using synthetic analysis and disusing the circulation features, meteorological factors and frontogenesis function terms, we can draw some mainly conclusions:When the isotherm between lower atmosphere and ground presents "V" distribution, and the frontal secondary circulation is relatively deep, the front is easy to move westward; when the lower atmosphere presents deep inversion layer, and the frontal secondary circulation is very thin, the front is tend to move eastward; when the inversion layer only exists in lower atmosphere, and there is a cold center in surface layer, the front tends to sustain. For the vertical structure of the u wind, when the border of east and west wind is on the left side of the front, the front tends to move westward, on the contrary it tends to go eastward; when the border is basically coincident with front, it's likely to sustain. When there exists continuous transmission of east wind behind of the front, undulating topography can change the vertical distribution of wind near ground, which leads to the multiple centers of rising and sinking. For the vertical motion tilting term, there is a strong phenomenon of frontolysis in the windward slope near 105°E when the font goes westward, and there is a weak phenomenon of frontogenesis when the font goes eastward or keeps still. For the horizontal divergence term, it is related to the gradient of equivalent potential temperature and horizontal divergence, and it contributes much to frontogenesis. Horizontal divergence term is predictable to front's movement, when the strong frontogenetical area is on the left side of front, the front tends to go westward; when the strong frontogenetical area is on the right side of the front, and the phenomenon of frontogenesis is weak, the front tends to go eastward; when the strong frontogenesis is basically coincident with frontal zone, the front tends to sustain. For the horizontal deformation term, it consists of tilting term and deformation term, and tilting term is more important to frontogenesis. For the expansion deformation term, there is a stronger phenomenon of frontolysis in the east of 104°E because of the interaction between cold air mass and windward slope.

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