高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1470 - 1485

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00040

论文

青藏高原夏季大气边界层高度与地表能量输送变化特征分析

  • 苏彦入 ,
  • 吕世华 ,
  • 范广洲
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  • 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室/气候与环境变化联合实验室, 四川 成都 610225;南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏 南京 210044

收稿日期: 2017-11-09

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（91537214，41775016）；四川省教育厅重点项目（16ZA0203）；成都信息工程大学中青年学术带头人科研基金项目（J201516，J201518）；成都信息工程大学校引进人才启动基金项目（KYTZ201639）

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The Characteristics Analysis on the Summer Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height and Surface Heat Fluxes over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

  • SU Yanru ,
  • Lü Shihua ,
  • FAN Guangzhou
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  • School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Joint Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China

Received date: 2017-11-09

  Online published: 2018-12-28

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摘要

利用NCEP-FNL大气边界层高度资料和NCEP/DOE（NECP2）的地面感热、潜热通量再分析格点资料，分析了2000-2016年夏季青藏高原（下称高原）地区的大气边界层高度及感热、潜热的基本气候特征、年际变化及空间分布，地表能量输送对大气边界层高度的影响机理，并分析了影响大气边界层高度与地表能量输送的主要影响因子。结果表明：夏季高原整体呈大气边界层高度显著下降，潜热通量显著上升，感热通量先增后降的变化趋势。2009年是高原大气边界层高度的气候突变时间点，其他物理量的变化趋势也在2009年发生了转折变化。大气边界层高度和地表能量输送的线性变化趋势分布具有明显的区域差异，以91°E为界将高原分为东、西两部分，东部与西部地区的变化特征明显不同；东部、西部地区的变化特征2009年前后也有很大差异。影响西部地区大气边界层高度和地表热通量的主要因子是0~10 cm土壤含水率和10 m风速；影响东部地区大气边界层高度和地表热通量的主要因子则是云量。在2009年气候突变时间前、后，各影响因子的影响程度有很大变化。夏季高原低层热低压辐合、高层南亚高压辐散的环流形式，为地表能量输送影响高原大气边界层发展提供了动力条件，有利于上升运动。上升运动的气流能将水汽相变中释放的凝结潜热输送至对流层上层，有利于形成潜热通量和南亚高压的正反馈。

关键词： 青藏高原; 大气边界层高度; 地表能量输送; 时空分布; 变化特征

本文引用格式

苏彦入 , 吕世华 , 范广洲 . 青藏高原夏季大气边界层高度与地表能量输送变化特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(6) : 1470 -1485 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00040

Abstract

The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is also known as the planetary boundary layer (PBL) which is directly influenced by its contact with the planetary surface. Surface heat fluxes usually include the sensible heat flux (SHF) and the latent heat flux (LHF), which have a great influence on the PBL. With the reanalysis data sets of planetary boundary layer height from NECP-FNL and the surface heat fluxes data from NCEP/DOE (NECP2), the temporal, spatial distribution and the variation trend of the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), the sensible heat flux (SHF) and the latent heat flux (LHF) over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau have been studied with regional average. The mutation test was carried out by sliding T-test. The influence factors of boundary layer height and surface energy transport in plateau region were determined by correlation analysis and correlation coefficient test. The research time is the summer (June-August) from 2000 to 2016. The results showed that the HPBL of the whole Plateau during 2000-2016 is on the decline, the SHTFL is on the rise. The LHTFL from 2000 to 2009 is increase, but from 2009 to 2016 is decrease. The year of 2009 is the climate change time point of HPBL, at the same time the trend of other physical quantities also changed in 2009. The variation trend distributions have obvious regional differences. By the 91°E line, the plateau can be divided into two parts as the eastern and the western regions. The temporal, spatial characteristics from each part are obvious difference, and the year of 2009 is an abrupt change point of climate, also is a turning point of the annual variation tendency. The distribution of the temporal trend about the latent heat flux in the eastern and western regions is basically on the contrary between the period before and after the mutation. The impact factors of the eastern and the western region over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are multiple, the main factor influenced the HPBL, SHTFL and LHTFL in the western region are the soil moisture from surface to 10 cm and the wind speed of 10 m, in contrast, the most important reason affects in the eastern region is the total cloud cover. Before and after the mutation-2009, the influence factors have big difference, for example the wind speed of 10 m has become the influence factor of surface latent heat flux in the eastern region after the abrupt climate change. The Heat Low develop in the plateau at surface layer over land and the South Asian High in the upper atmosphere, which provide the dynamic conditions for the development of the atmospheric boundary layer, it's good for the ascent. The air flow in the ascending motion can transfer the condensation latent heat released by the water vapor phase to the upper troposphere, which is beneficial to the positive feedback of latent heat flux and South Asian High.

Key words： Qinghai-Tibetan Plat; atmospheric boundary; surface heat fluxes; spatial and temporal; variation characteri

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