高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1535 - 1543

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00054

论文

湖泊和上风向地形对纳木错地区秋季降水影响

  • 许洁 ,
  • 马耀明 ,
  • 孙方林 ,
  • 马伟强
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  • 中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点试验室, 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;中国科学院青藏高原环境变化与地表过程重点试验室, 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心, 北京 100101

收稿日期: 2018-03-09

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

基金资助

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA20060101）；国家自然科学基金项目（41661144043，41005010）；中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDJ-SSW-DQC019）

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Analysis of Effects of Lake and Upstream Orography on the Precipitation in Fall over Nam Co Area

  • XU Jie ,
  • MA Yaoming ,
  • SUN Fanglin ,
  • MA Weiqiang
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  • Key Laboratory of Land-surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Change and Land Surface Process. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received date: 2018-03-09

  Online published: 2018-12-28

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摘要

首先利用中国区域地面气象要素数据集（CMFD）分析了1992-2015年纳木错地区月平均降水分布，发现湖泊效应导致的下风向降水在10-11月较为明显。其次根据中国科学院纳木错多圈层综合观测研究站自动气象站2 m的风速和气温的数据，分析了2005-2015年焚风累积发生次数的月分布特征，发现12月焚风发生几率最大，且10月是秋季中发生焚风现象次数最多的月份的结果。再者，运用WRF模型对纳木错地区10月份降水进行了模拟，发现在已有大气环流背景条件下，纳木错地区秋季降水受到湖泊存在的影响比上游地形影响显著。有、无湖模拟试验表明，纳木错地区湖泊的存在会使周边地区尤其是湖泊下风向降水增多，影响范围可达100 km。上风向较高地形会使整个区域降水小幅增加，上风向地形导致的焚风效应对纳木错地区降水的影响较弱。

关键词： 纳木错; 降水; 焚风; 上风向地形

本文引用格式

许洁 , 马耀明 , 孙方林 , 马伟强 . 湖泊和上风向地形对纳木错地区秋季降水影响[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(6) : 1535 -1543 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00054

Abstract

This paper analyzed the distribution of monthly averaged precipitation from 1992 to 2015 around Nam Co area by using CMFD (China meteorological forcing data) and the frequency of foehn from 1995 to 2015 by using wind and air temperature data from Nam Co station(Nam Co Station for Multisphere Observation and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences). The results showed that the spatial lake-effect precipitation is most significant in fall, and foehn is the most frequent in December. And in October, the frequency of foehn is the most in fall. Then we simulated precipitation over Nam Co area in October using WRF. We found that under the background of air circulation, lake can affect the precipitation over Nam Co area more significantly than upstream orography. Comparing no lake experiment with control experiment, we can conclude that the exist of Nam Co lake can make surrounding area, especially downstream area, more precipitation and the effect distance can be 100 km. Upstream orography can enhance precipitation but the effect is little, and foehn has little effect on the precipitation in areas downstream of the lake.

Key words： Nam Co area; precipitation; foehn; upstream orography

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