高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1544 - 1562

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00049

论文

峨眉山及其周边地区降水气候特征研究

  • 吕晶 ,
  • 李忠贤 ,
  • 李跃清 ,
  • 邹槟骏 ,
  • 江南 ,
  • 李雪枫
展开
  • 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏 南京 210044;乐山市气象局, 四川 乐山 614000;中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 四川 成都 610072

收稿日期: 2017-11-28

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

基金资助

四川省应用基础研究计划重点项目（2016JY0046）；国家自然科学基金重点项目（91337215）

收起

Study on the Climate Characteristics of Precipitation in Emei Mountain and Its Surrounding Area

  • Lü Jing ,
  • LI Zhongxian ,
  • LI Yueqing ,
  • ZOU Bingjun ,
  • JIANG Nan ,
  • LI Xuefeng
Expand
  • Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China;Leshan Meteorological Bureau, Leshan 614000, Sichuan, China;Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu/Heavy Rain and Drought Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China

Received date: 2017-11-28

  Online published: 2018-12-28

Fold

摘要

基于1959-2016年峨眉山、峨眉市、乐山市及夹江县气象站逐日降水数据和1964-2016年6-9月逐时降水数据，应用统计诊断分析方法，研究了峨眉山及其周边地区降水量、雨日和降水频次的多时间尺度变化特征。结果表明，峨眉山及其周边地区年代降水变化趋势基本一致，但随海拔具有一定差异性，高海拔峨眉山趋势更明显。峨眉山与其周边地区年降水量和年雨日均在20世纪90年代后显著减少，且峨眉山年雨日比其周边地区减少更快。汛期峨眉山及其周边地区降水量、雨日变化均强于其年代和年降水量、雨日变化，较其他时段更突出；高海拔峨眉山冬季、秋季和夏季降水量减少趋势显著，而周边地区夏季和秋季降水量减少趋势明显；峨眉山及其周边地区四季雨日都呈减少趋势，但峨眉山减少程度大于其周边地区。峨眉山及其周边地区月降水量和雨日都呈减少趋势，但峨眉山更明显。峨眉山降水量日变化呈单峰单谷结构，而峨眉市则在清晨出现次峰值，两地夜雨特征突出，夜间降水量远大于白天，且两地降水量峰值出现时间都存在提前的变化特征；峨眉山小时降水频次最大值出现时间存在提前的变化特征，但峨眉市相反，具有延后的变化特征。在全球气候变暖下，峨眉山及其周边地区气候响应主要为降水减少，高海拔地区降水减少的趋势大于低海拔地区。峨眉山及其周边地区这种区域气候响应的一致性与差异性，可能与区域温度响应与水汽状况差异有关。

关键词： 峨眉山; 降水量; 雨日; 降水频次; 区域气候变化

本文引用格式

吕晶 , 李忠贤 , 李跃清 , 邹槟骏 , 江南 , 李雪枫 . 峨眉山及其周边地区降水气候特征研究[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(6) : 1544 -1562 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00049

Abstract

Based on the daily precipitation data of Emei Mountain, Emei City, Leshan City and Jiajiang County meteorological stations from 1959 to 2016 and their hourly precipitation data during June-September from 1964 to 2016, the multiple time scale variation characteristics of the amount of precipitation, rain days and precipitation frequency in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area were studied by statistical analysis and diagnosis methods. The result shows that the decadal precipitation and rain days decrease in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area in the past few decades, and the decrease degree of high-altitude Emei Mountain is stronger than that of low-altitude surrounding area. The annual precipitation and annual rain days decrease significantly in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area after the 1990s, and the annual rain days in Emei Mountain decreases faster. In flood season, the variations of amount of precipitation and rain days in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area are stronger than their interdecadal and interannual variations, and it is more prominent than the other periods. Except in spring, the precipitation in high-altitude Emei Mountain in other three seasons reduces significantly, and it obviously reduces in summer and autumn in low-altitude surrounding area. The decrease of rain days in all seasons is more obvious in Emei Mountain than in its surrounding area. The reduction of monthly precipitation and rain days in Emei Mountain is more obvious that that in its surrounding area. The diurnal variation of precipitation in high-altitude Emei Mountain has single-peaked and single-valley distribution, but the second peak appears in the morning in low-altitude Emei City. The precipitation of Emei Mountain and its surrounding area is much larger in the night than that in the daytime. The peak time of precipitation in Emei Mountain and Emei City occurs earlier than before. The time of maximum hourly precipitation frequency has significantly advancing feature in Emei Mountain. But Emei City has the variation of being delayed. Under the global warming, the precipitation in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area significantly decreases, especially in Emei Mountain. The consistency and difference of regional climate response in Emei Mountain and its surrounding area may be related to regional temperature responses and water vapor conditions.

Key words： Emei Mountain; amount of precipitat; rain day; precipitation freque; regional climate cha

参考文献

[1]Chen H M, Yu R C, Li J, et al, 2010. Why nocturnal long-duration rainfall presents an eastward-delayed diurnal phaseof rainfall down the Yangtze River Valley[J]. J Climate, 23(4):905-917.
[2]Jiang X W, Li Y Q, Yang S, et al, 2014. Variations of early autumn rainfall in the lee side of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Theor Appl Climat, 117:565-577.
[3]Torrence C, Compo G P, 1998. A practical guide to wavelet analysis[J]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 79(1):61-78.
[4]Yang H, Zhi X F, Gao J, et al, 2011. Variation of East Asian summer monsoon and its relationship with precipitation of China in recent 111 years[J]. Agricultural Science & Technology, 12(11):1711-1716.
[5]Yu R C, Xu Y P, Zhou T J, et al, 2007a. Relation between rainfall duration and diurnal variation in the warm season precipitation over central eastern China[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 34(13):173-180.
[6]Yu R C, Yuan W H, Li J, et al, 2010. Diurnal phase of late-night against late-afternoon of stratiform and convective precipitation in summer southern contiguous China[J]. Climat Dyn, 35(4):567-576.
[7]Yu R C, Zhou T J, Xiong A Y, et al, 2007b. Diurnal variations of summer precipitation over contiguous China[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 34(1):223-234.
[8]Zhi X F, 2001. Interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon and its modeling with a zonally symmetric 2D-model[M]. Aachen:Shaker Verlag, 1-152.
[9]Bai Y Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y H, et al, 2011. Spatial differences of precipitation over Sichuan basin[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 31(4):478-484.<br/>白莹莹, 张焱, 高阳华, 等, 2011.四川盆地降水变化的区域差异[J].地理科学, 31(4):478-484.
[10]Chen C, Pang Y M, Zhang Y F, 2010. On the characteristics of climate change in Sichuan basin in the recent 50 years[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 32(9):115-120.<br/>陈超, 庞艳梅, 张玉芳, 2010.近50年来四川盆地气候变化特征研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版), 32(9):115-120.
[11]Chen D Q, Dai Z J, Ye C Z, et al, 2012. An analysis of the climatic variations in winds observed at the Nanyue mountain observatory during 1953-2010[J]. Meteor Mon, 38(8):977-984<br/>陈德桥, 戴泽军, 叶成志, 等, 2012.南岳高山站1953-2010年风的气候特征分析[J].气象, 38(8):977-984.
[12]Chen D Q, Dai Z J, Ye C Z, et al, 2015. Climatic characteristics of winds at two mountainous meteorological stations in central-eastern China and their responses to the summer monsoon[J]. J Trop Atmos, 31(1):137-144.<br/>陈德桥, 戴泽军, 叶成志, 等, 2015.我国中东部两个高山气象站风的气候特征及对夏季风的响应[J].热带气象学报, 31(1):137-144.
[13]Chen L X, Zhou X J, Li W L, et al, 2004. Characteristics of the climate change and its formation mechanism in China in last 80 years[J]. Acta Meteor Sinica, 62(5):634-646.<br/>陈隆勋, 周秀骥, 李维亮, 等, 2004.中国近80年来气候变化特征及其形成机制[J].气象学报, 62(5):634-646.
[14]Chen T, Ye C Z, Chen D Q, et al, 2013. Temperature variation contrast between Nanyue mountain and low-elevation areas in the last 58 years[J]. Meteor Sci Technol, 41(4):713-719.<br/>陈涛, 叶成志, 陈德桥, 等, 2013.近58年南岳高山气温变化特征及与低海拔地区对比[J].气象科技, 41(4):713-719.
[15]Chen W X, Hao K J, 2001. Variation of precipitation in Sichuan Basin during 20th century[J]. Sichuan Meteorology, 21(1):37-39.<br/>陈文秀, 郝克俊, 2001.20世纪四川盆地降水变化特征分析[J].四川气象, 21(1):37-39.
[16]Dai Z J, Yu R C, Chen H M, 2009. Characteristics of summer precipitation diurnal variations in Hunan[J]. Plateau Meteor, 28(6):1463-1470.<br/>戴泽军, 宇如聪, 陈昊明, 2009.湖南夏季降水日变化特征[J].高原气象, 28(6):1463-1470.
[17]Fu C B, Wang Q, 1992. The definition and detection of the abrupt climatic change[J]. Sci Atmos Sinica, 16(4):482-493.<br/>符淙斌, 王强, 1992.气候突变的定义和检测方法[J].大气科学, 16(4):482-493.
[18]Guo J, 2002. Study on tour climate of E'mei Mountain area[J]. Journal of Chengdu university of information technology, 17(2):109-115.<br/>郭洁, 2002.峨眉山旅游气候研究[J].成都信息工程学院学报, 17(2):109-115.
[19]Han Y Z, Ma W Q, Wang B Y, et al, 2017. Climatic characteristics of rainfall change over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1980 to 2013[J]. Plateau Meteor, 36(6):1477-1486. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00125<br/>韩熠哲, 马伟强, 王炳赟, 等, 2017.青藏高原近30年降水变化特征分析[J].高原气象, 36(6):1477-1486.
[20]Hu D, Li Y Q, 2015. Spatial and temporal variations of nocturnal precipitation in Sichuan over the eastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 39(1):161-179.<br/>胡迪, 李跃清, 2015.青藏高原东侧四川地区夜雨时空变化特征[J].大气科学, 39(1):161-179.
[21]Ji X L, Wu H M, Huang A N, et al, 2017. Characteristics of the precipitation diurnal variation over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in summer[J]. Plateau Meteor, 36(5):1188-1200. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00119.<br/>计晓龙, 吴昊旻, 黄安宁, 等, 2017.青藏高原夏季降水日变化特征分析[J].高原气象, 36(5):1188-1200.
[22]Li Y Q, 1997. The EOF method of phase space in climatic diagnostic analysis[J]. Sichuan Meteorology, 17(4):67-69.<br/>李跃清, 1997.气候诊断分析中的相空间EOF方法[J].四川气象, 17(4):67-69.
[23]Li Y Q, Zhang Q, 2014. Contemporaneous relationships between summer cloudiness and precipitation over Southwest China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 29(3):441-453.<br/>李跃清, 张琪, 2014.西南地区夏季云量与降水的关系特征分析[J].自然资源学报, 29(3):441-453.
[24]Li Y Q, Zhang X C, 2011. Main advances in the research of "Yaan Sky Leakage"[J]. Torrential Rain Disasters, 30(4):289-295.<br/>李跃清, 张晓春, 2011. "雅安天漏"研究进展[J].暴雨灾害, 30(4):289-295.
[25]Liu K F, 1992. A study on climate in Emei[J]. Journal of Mianyang agricultural college, 9(3):44-48.<br/>刘开发, 1992.峨眉山气候研究[J].绵阳农专学报, 9(3):44-48.
[26]Liu W C, Zhang Q, Fu Z, 2017. Variation characteristics of precipitation and its affecting factors in Northwest China over the past 55 years[J]. Plateau Meteor, 36(6):1533-1545.<br/>刘维成, 张强, 傅朝, 2017.近55年来中国西北地区降水变化特征及影响因素分析[J].高原气象, 36(6):1533-1545.
[27]Ma Z F, Peng J, Gao W L, et al, 2006. Climate variation of southwest China in recent 40 years[J]. Plateau Meteor, 25(4):633-642.<br/>马振锋, 彭骏, 高文良, 等, 2006.近40年西南地区的气候变化事实[J].高原气象, 25(4):633-642.
[28]Pan Y L, Ye C Z, Zhang J M, et al, 2015. Analysis of climate change characteristics of nanyue mountain station in the past 58 years[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science &amp; Technology:Natural Science edition, 7(1):68-78.<br/>潘筱龙, 叶成志, 张剑明, 等, 2015.近58a南岳高山站气候变化特征分析[J].南京信息工程大学学报:自然科学版, 7(1):68-78.
[29]Ren G Y, Wu H, Chen Z H, 2000. Spatial patterns of change trend in rainfall of China[J]. Quart J Appl Meteor, 11(3):322-330.<br/>任国玉, 吴虹, 陈正洪, 2000.我国降水变化趋势的空间特征[J].应用气象学报, 11(3):322-330.
[30]Shen Y P, Wang G Y, 2013. Key findings and assessment results of IPCC WGI Fifth Assessment Report[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 35(5):1068-1076.<br/>沈永平, 王国亚, 2013. IPCC第一工作组第五次评估报告对全球气候变化认知的最新科学要点[J].冰川冻土, 35(5):1068-1076.
[31]Tang H Y, Gu J F, Zhang H, et al, 2011. Analysis on diurnal variation of precipitation in southwest China[J]. Plateau Meteor, 30(2):376-384.<br/>唐红玉, 顾建峰, 张焕, 等, 2011.西南地区降水日变化特征分析[J].高原气象, 30(2):376-384.
[32]Wang C X, Ma Z F, Qin N S, et al, 2016. Multi-scale variation of the summer rainfall over Sichuan-Chongqing Ba-sin in recent 50 years[J]. Plateau Meteor, 35(5):1191-1199. DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00094<br/>王春学, 马振峰, 秦宁生, 等, 2016.近50年川渝盆地夏季降水多尺度变化特征[J].高原气象, 35(5):1191-1199.
[33]Wang D Y, Lu S H, Han B, et al, 2017. Characteristics of spring precipitation and their connections with the spring drought over the Loess Plateau during last three decades[J]. Plateau Meteor, 36(2):395-406.<br/>王丹云, 吕世华, 韩博, 等, 2017.近30年黄土高原春季降水特征与春旱变化的关系[J].高原气象, 36(2):395-406.
[34]Wang F C, Yu R C, Chen H M, et al, 2011. The characteristics of rainfall diurnal variation over the southwestern China[J]. Torrent Rain Disasters, 30(2):117-121.<br/>王夫常, 宇如聪, 陈昊明, 等, 2011.我国西南部降水日变化特征分析[J].暴雨灾害, 30(2):117-121.
[35]Wei F Y, 1999. Modern climatic statistical diagnosis and forecasting technology[M]. Beijing:China MeteorologicalPress.<br/>魏凤英, 1999.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京:气象出版社.
[36]Xu Y H, 1991. Southwest Climate[M]. Beijing:Chinese Meteorologica Press, 1-298.<br/>徐裕华, 1991.西南气候[M].北京:气象出版社, 1-298.
[37]Zhou Q X, Li Y Q, Jiang X W, et al, 2016. Analysis on the climatic characteristics of the precipitation variations at "Ya'an sky-leakage"[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 31(2):343-353.<br/>周秋雪, 李跃清, 蒋兴文, 等, 2016. "雅安天漏"降水变化气候特征的分析[J].自然资源学报, 31(2):343-353.
[38]Zhou C Y, Cen S X, Li Y Q, et al, 2011. Precipitation variation and its impacts in Sichuan in the last 50 years[J]. Acta Geograp Sinica, 66(5):619-630.<br/>周长艳, 岑思弦, 李跃清, 等, 2011.四川省近50年降水的变化特征及影响[J].地理学报, 66(5):619-630.
[39]Zhou C Y, Li Y Q, Peng J, 2006. The Characteristics and variation of precipitation and water resource of Sichuan and Chongqing Basin on the eastern side of the Plateau[J]. Chinese J Atmosp Sci, 30(6):1217-1226.<br/>周长艳, 李跃清, 彭俊, 2006.高原东侧川渝盆地降水与水资源特征及变化[J].大气科学, 30(6):1217-1226.
[40]Zhu Y F, Yu R C, 2003. Interannual variation of summer precipitation in the west of Sichuan Basin and its relationship with large-scale circulation[J]. Chinese J Atmos Sci, 27(6):1045-1056.<br/>朱艳峰, 宇如聪, 2003.川西地区夏季降水的年际变化特征及与大尺度环流的联系[J].大气科学, 27(6):1045-1056.
[41]Zhuo S H, 1986. The early theory of climate characteristics of mount emei[J]. Journal of Leshan normal university, 1:94-104.<br/>卓淑华, 1986.峨眉山气候特征初论[J].乐山师专学报, 1:94-104.
[42]Zuo H C, Lu S H, Hu Y Q, 2004. Variation trend of yearly mean air temperature and precipitation in China in the last 50 years[J]. Plateau Meteor, 23(2):238-244.<br/>左洪超, 吕世华, 胡隐樵, 2004.中国近50年气温及降水量的变化趋势分析[J].高原气象, 23(2):238-244.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发 技术支持：support@magtech.com.cn