高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1563 - 1577

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00044

论文

夏季东亚季风和南亚季风协同作用与我国南方夏季降水异常的关系

  • 桓玉 ,
  • 李跃清
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  • 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 四川 成都 610225;中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 四川 成都 610072

收稿日期: 2017-12-26

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金重点项目（91337215）；公益性行业（气象）科研专项经费项目（GYHY201406001）

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The Synergy between the East Asian Summer Monsoon and the South Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Relations with Anomalous Rainfall in Southern China

  • HUAN Yu ,
  • LI Yueqing
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  • Chengdu university of information technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China;Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China

Received date: 2017-12-26

  Online published: 2018-12-28

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摘要

利用1979-2014年中国降水资料和欧洲中心ECMWF再分析资料，运用经验正交函数分解、相关分析、小波分析、合成分析、差值分析等方法，重新计算了南亚季风和东亚季风交界面指数ⅡEI，在与夏季东亚季风、南亚季风指数对比的基础上，分析了其年际变化、正负异常年特征及其与中国区域降水的关系。结果发现，ⅡEI综合指数与东亚季风指数呈正相关，与南亚季风指数为负相关，并与夏季中国南方大部地区降水呈负相关；ⅡEI指数正异常年，东亚季风较南亚季风偏强。南亚高压强度偏弱，位置偏南偏西。西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）强度偏弱，位置偏东偏北，中国南方受东北风控制。中国南海低空为偏北风，抑制了水汽向我国南方输送。我国南方主要为下沉运动，导致其大部分地区降水偏少，容易引起干旱。ⅡEI指数负异常年时，东亚季风较南亚季风偏弱，南亚高压强度偏强，位置偏东。西太平洋副高强度偏强，位置偏西偏南，中国南方为西南风控制。南海低空为偏南风，由阿拉伯海和孟加拉湾输送而来的水汽，经偏南气流输送至中国南方广大区域，与从北方南下的干冷气流交汇，因为异常的上升运动，引起中国南方大范围降水异常偏多，容易导致洪涝。因此，东亚季风和南亚季风的协同演变是影响我国南方降水异常的重要原因。

关键词： 东亚季风; 南亚季风; 协同作用; 中国南方; 降水异常

本文引用格式

桓玉 , 李跃清 . 夏季东亚季风和南亚季风协同作用与我国南方夏季降水异常的关系[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(6) : 1563 -1577 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00044

Abstract

Using the precipitation data in China and the reanalysis data from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) during the period of 1979-2014, the index for the interface between the East Asian summer monsoon and the Indian summer monsoon (ⅡEI) was calculated, and the interannual variation of ⅡEI, the feature of its positive-anomaly and negative-anomaly years, as well as the relations between ⅡEI and China's regional precipitation were also analyzed on the basis of the comparison of ⅡEI and the indices of East Asian summer monsoon and the Indian summer monsoon by Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, composite analysis and differential analysis. The results showed that the ⅡEI has positive correlation with the index of East Asian summer monsoon and negative correlation with the Indian summer monsoon. Meanwhile, there are negative correlation between ⅡEI and precipitation in most of the southern China. In the positive-anomaly years of ⅡEI, the East Asian summer monsoon is stronger than Indian summer monsoon, the intensity of South Asian high is weaker and its position is both by south and by west, and the intensity of West Pacific subtropical high is weaker and the location is both by east and by north. The south China is controlled by the northeastern winds. And it is the northerly wind at the low level of the South China Sea that inhibits the transport of water vapor to the southern China. The sinking movement results in the less precipitation in most southern China and causes drought easily. In negative-anomaly years of ⅡEI, the East Asian monsoon is weaker than the South Asian monsoon. The intensity of South Asian high is stronger and its position is by east, and the strength of the West Pacific subtropical high is stronger and its position is both by west and by south. The southern China is controlled by the southwest wind. And it is the southerly wind at the low level of the South China Sea that transports the water vapor from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal to the vast areas of the southern China, and meets with the dry-cool airflow from the north. Because of the anomalous upward movement, it brings much more precipitation to the southern China and cause floods easily. Therefore, the synergistic evolution of the East Asian monsoon and the South Asian monsoon is the important reason for the anomalous precipitation in the southern China.

Key words： East Asian summer mo; South Asian summer m; synergy; the southern China; precipitation anomal

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