高原气象

高原气象 >

2018 , Vol. 37 >Issue 6: 1737 - 1748

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00041

论文

6·23龙卷FY-2G卫星云微物理特征分析

  • 徐小红 ,
  • 余兴 ,
  • 朱延年 ,
  • 刘贵华 ,
  • 戴进
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  • 陕西省气象科学研究所, 陕西 西安 710014

收稿日期: 2017-09-21

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（41561144004，41575136）；陕西省自然科学基础研究项目（2017JM4032）

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Cloud Microphysical Properties of a Tornado Revealed by FY-2G Geostationary Satellite

  • XU Xiaohong ,
  • YU Xing ,
  • ZHU Yannian ,
  • LIU Guihua ,
  • DAI Jin
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  • Meteorological Institute of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710014, Shaanxi, China

Received date: 2017-09-21

  Online published: 2018-12-28

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摘要

利用FY-2G静止卫星资料，采用多光谱综合分析方法，对2016年6月23日江苏盐城特大龙卷强对流灾害天气进行分析，重点分析强对流云微物理特征和识别强对流的卫星信号，并与雷达、TRMM卫星观测资料进行了对比分析。结果表明：（1）静止卫星RGB合成图能够可视化、便捷显示云微物理特征与发展趋势，对流云2区云团是产生龙卷的主云团，云系移动缓慢、位置基本保持不变是本次龙卷的特点，致使龙卷始终维持在盐城。（2）归纳出龙卷强对流云微物理特征和卫星信号为云顶高、云顶温度（Ttop）达到-80℃，存在过顶现象；云顶粒子有效半径（Retop）小、以小冰粒子为主，云砧结构明显，上部存在云粒子有效半径（Re）随温度（T）递减带；晶化温度（Tg）冷，达到同质冻结温度，对应有效半径（Reg）小。08：00（北京时）FY-2G已探测到1、2、4区云团具有强对流发展潜势，通过卫星跟踪云团强弱变化，及时发现灾害性强对流天气发生云团，加强对该云团监测，提前预警强对流灾害性天气发生，为静止卫星应用于强对流天气监测预警提供新途径。

关键词： 龙卷; 云微物理特征; FY-2G静止卫星反演

本文引用格式

徐小红 , 余兴 , 朱延年 , 刘贵华 , 戴进 . 6·23龙卷FY-2G卫星云微物理特征分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018 , 37(6) : 1737 -1748 . DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00041

Abstract

A case of severe convective weather event of tornado occurred in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province on 23 June 2016 was analyzed by using the methodologies of satellite retrieval based on the FY-2G geostationary satellite data. The analyses were focused on cloud microphysical properties, and signals to identify severe convection. The results revealed that:(1) The RGB composition of FY-2G can visualize the cloud microphysical properties and their evolutions. The development and evolution of convective cloud cluster 2 is the main cause of tornado, meanwhile, it is enhanced by its emergence with other clusters. (2) The microphysical properties and signals of severe convection such as tornado are summarized as follows:Cloud top is high with overshooting, whose temperature can reach -83℃. Effective radius (Re) at cloud top is relatively small due to domination by small ice particles with obvious texture of anvils. The Re decreases with decreasing temperature at the upper part of clouds. The glaciation temperature (Tg) is low, which can reach the homogeneous freezing level with small Re. At 08:00 (BJT), FY-2 satellite shows cloud clusters 1, 2, 4 all have potential to develop as severe convection by the above summarized microphysical properties and signals of severe convection, but cloud cluster 2 was found the main one that caused the severe convection via tracking evolution of these 3 cloud clusters. The monitor of this cluster can be as early warning of severe convection. These analyses suggest that the retrieved cloud microphysical properties with signal of severe convection can provide a new way for early warning of severe weather event.

Key words： Tornado; cloud microphysical; FY-2G geostationary

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