In order to provide scientific guidance for lightning protection design of transmission lines, the Agrawal model telegraph equation's time domain form was deduced as the theoretical foundation, and the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method was used as the computational method, the double Heidler function was used to simulate the base current of the return stroke channel, the improved linear attenuated transmission line (MTLL) return stroke model was selected to calculate the lightning induced voltage on the overhead transmission lines.The effectiveness of the above method is proved by comparative analysis.Then the influences of position, height and soil conductivity on lightning induced voltage were studied.The results show that the horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component in the lightning electromagnetic pulse are very important in the coupling mechanism.When the observation point moves from the midpoint of the line to the endpoint, the induced voltage decreases gradually, and the bipolar characteristics of the waveform become more and more obvious, this may be related to the attenuation of the path.The midpoint voltage and the forward voltage of the endpoint increase with the height of the transmission line.Therefore, the designer can reduce the line height to reduce the damage of lightning coupling voltage to the transmission line.With the decrease of soil electrical conductivity, the midpoint voltage increases, and the endpoint voltage decreases.In addition, the response of the scattering voltage component to the soil conductivity changes significantly, while the incident voltage component is not affected.
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