利用1991-2017年夏季（6-8月）内蒙古地区111个国家站逐时降雨量资料和1971-2017年夏季（6-8月）内蒙古地区115个国家站日降雨量资料，分别对内蒙古地区短时强降水过程和日降雨（小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨、大暴雨和特大暴雨）过程持续性特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）内蒙古地区短时强降水过程持续最长时间为38 h，其中持续3 h所占比例最大。持续时间在12 h内的短时强降水过程在16：00（北京时，下同）-18：00降雨量偏离程度最大，但持续时间超过12 h的短时强降水过程在03：00降雨量偏离程度最大，短时强降水过程持续时间越长，降雨量极值越低。自2010年以来内蒙古地区短时强降水过程发生次数开始增多，其中持续时间在4~6 h和7~12 h的短时强降水过程增加显著，但持续时间在1~3 h短时强降水过程明显减少。（2）内蒙古地区小雨过程和暴雨过程发生次数呈现递减趋势，但近年来持续长时间的小雨过程、中雨过程和暴雨过程偏多。在2017年出现首场特大暴雨过程。内蒙古地区特大暴雨过程最长持续日数2天，其余日降雨过程最长持续日数在10~15天，其中大雨过程持续日数最长可达15天，小雨过程和中雨过程（大雨过程和暴雨过程）持续1天（2天）所占比例最高，日降雨过程降雨量极值易发生在前3天。（3）内蒙古地区降雨过程发生次数、持续小时（日）数极值和累计降雨量极值空间分布特征都表现为自内蒙古西部地区向中部偏南和东部地区递增，高值区易发生在内蒙古东部地区。
Using the hourly precipitation data of 111 national stations during 1991 to 2017 and the daily precipitation data of 115 national stations during 1971 to 2017 in summer (from June to August) in Inner Mongolia, the characteristics about the duration of short-time strong rainfall processes(STSRP) and daily rainfall(light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, torrential rain, excessive torrential rain, extreme torrential rain) processes were studied. The results show that:(1) The longest duration of STSRP is 38 hours and the duration about 3 hours percentage is most in Inner Mongolia. Duration within 12 hours of STSRP has maximum deviation at 16:00 (Beijing time, after the same) to 18:00, but duration more than 12 hours of STSRP has maximum deviation at 03:00 in Inner Mongolia. Furthermore, the longer the duration of STSRP, the lower the extreme value of the hourly precipitation in Inner Mongolia. Since 2010, the frequencies of STSRP have increased in Inner Mongolia. Frequencies of 4~6 hours and 7~12 hours of STSRP increase obviously. But frequencies of 1~3 hours of STSRP reduce evidently in Inner Mongolia. (2) The frequencies of light rain process and torrential rain process have decreased in Inner Mongolia. However, in recent years, the long duration rainfall process in the light rain process, the moderate rain process and the torrential rain process are extremely excessive. The first extreme torrential rain process occurred in 2017. In Inner Mongolia, the longest duration of the extreme torrential rain is 2 days, but the longest duration of other daily rainfall processes is 10~15 days. The longest duration of the heavy rain is 15 days. Lasted 1 day of the light rain process and the moderate rain process have maximum proportion, but lasted 2 days have maximum proportion about the heavy rain process and the torrential rain process. The extreme precipitation of the daily rainfall process is easy to occur in the first three day. (3) Spatial distribution about the frequency and extreme value of duration hours or days, as well as extreme value of accumulative precipitation of STSRP and daily rainfall processes increase from west to east, the highest value appear in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia.
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