Based on the European center reanalysis data, the sounding data and the data of continental river runoff, the distributions of water-vapor in air and the varying characteristics of annual and inter-annual water-vapor in the Qilian Mountains are analyzed. The results showed that the vertical accumulation of water-vapor content per unit area varies greatly with seasons, being the maximum in summer, fewer in autumn, and the minimum in winter. What different from the past is that under the appropriate weather conditions, the spring water-vapor in air will have better development prospect. Moreover, water-vapor in the east region of Qilian Mountains is much more than that in the west region all the year. There is a low value center of water-vapor in north Qilian Mountains, which was unrecognized because of the low spatial resolution of the old data. The water-vapor of the low value center has a wide difference while the value of summer is six times more than that of winter, the distribution of vapor density is similar. Vertical accumulated water vapor content per unit area shows single-peak pattern, the maximum value appears from June to September, and minus in winter. In recent 37 years, water-vapor in air showed a tendency of increase, which was consistent with the rise tendency of Shulehe river and Heihe river. But the water-vapor content varies with the seasons:summer and autumn water-vapor increased while winter and spring water-vapor decreased.
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