Based on the observed daily precipitation data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1960 to 2016, the relationship between atmospheric heat source in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding area and rainstorm in Sichuan Basin in summer were discussed. The main conclusions are as follows:The key region with significant positive correlations between rainstorm in Sichuan Basin and atmospheric heat sources in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is located in the south-central and the southern side of the plateau, while the significant negative correlations region is located in the east-central and the eastern side of the plateau. And then the Thermal Contrast Index (Itc) of these two regions is proposed. The index can reflect the difference between eastern and western regions of the Sichuan Basin in summer rainstorm frequency. In the years of high thermal difference index, the position of subtropical high shifts westward and northward, and the water vapor transport in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal is significantly enhanced. Due to the blocking of the subtropical high, the water vapor accumulates in the western part of the basin and converges with the water vapor from the Southeast coast. At the same time, the trough or the low pressure on the west side of Lake Baikal is westward, and the path of the gathered cold air to the south is westward. Then the water vapor convergence in the western part of Sichuan Basin increased abnormally, and there were more rainstorms. In the eastern part of the basin, water vapor transport in the southwest side is blocked, and the water vapor diverged westward, so the water vapor content in the eastern part of Sichuan Basin is low and the rainstorm is obviously less. In the years of low thermal difference index, the location of the subtropical high is eastward, and the water vapor transport in the Arabia Sea and the bay of Bengal is significantly weaker. Water vapor transport in Sichuan Basin mainly comes from the Southeast coast and increases in the eastern part of Sichuan Basin, but it is difficult to reach the western part of the basin. At the same time, the multi-blocking situation in the south side of Baikal makes the path of the cold air to south is eastward, and the water vapor converges increase in the east of the basin, resulting in more rainstorms. At this time, the water vapor content in the west of the basin is on the low side and the rainstorm is on the low side.
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