Based on one kilometer resolution short-term forecast model in Southern China, we adopt the Nudging method to assimilate wind and water substances from radar retrieve. Two typical rainfall cases of pre-flood season in Southern China are conducted in order to study different influence on precipitation forecast of short-term forecast model after improving wind and water substances at initial moment. The results show that the retrieve method is reasonable basically. And then Nudging radar retrieve results to forecast model and compare with control test (Test-ctl). The results show that:(1)The test of only Nudging water substances (Test-qcqr) can improve precipitation forecast during 0~7 h, especially for making rainfall which is less than normal data at 0~2 h better. (2)The test of only Nudging wind (Test-uv) makes better on 3~7 h forecast, but the improvement rate is generally small. (3)The test of both Nudging radar retrieve wind and water substances (Test-qcqr-uv) is best. It has significant improvement on 0~10 h precipitation forecast. From the vertical distribution of micro-physical point, we obtain that the main source of precipitation in the early stage is from water substances, so both test-qcqr and test-qcqr-uv are better obviously for pre-rainfall forecast. Nudging radar retrieve wind can quickly regulate bias of convergence lines at the lower level, but it must be with water substances. In general, Nudging water substances is most significant on short-term forecast, while Nudging radar retrieve wind can make better improvement on precipitation forecast after 3 hours on the base of the former.
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