选取1981 -2016年中国江淮地区28个气象站的0~20 cm地温观测资料, 运用经验正交函数分解（EOF）和集合经验模态分解（EEMD）方法, 得到江淮地区0~20 cm地温及气温多时间尺度的振荡规律。结果表明: 江淮地区全区域有明显的空间一致性, 特征向量值在全地区均为负值, 时间系数在20世纪90年代中后期由正转负。1981 -2016年江淮地区浅层地温和气温均表现为波动上升的趋势, 其中0 cm地温的气候倾向率为0.65 ℃·(10a)-1, 增温幅度大于5~20 cm层地温及气温。0 cm、 5 cm、 10 cm、 20 cm四层地温及气温分解后的IMF1和IMF2分量的周期分别为准3年和准7年, 且80年代的振幅要小于之后的年份, 表明浅层地温及气温在80年代是稳定少变的, 进入90年代波动幅度增大。年际变化在江淮地区0~20 cm地温及气温的长期变化中占主导地位。对36年0~20 cm地温的气候平均值进行分解可得, 江淮地区各站点浅层地温的延伸期尺度周期基本分布在准12~16天和准26~33天两个周期内。
Based on shallow soil temperature series of 28 meteorological stations in Jianghuai region of China from 1981 to 2016, the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) methods were used to analyze the oscillation rules of 0~20 cm soil temperature and air temperature on multiple time scales in Jianghuai region.The result shows that there is obvious spatial consistency in Jianghuai region, and the feature vector shows negative all over Jianghuai region.And the time coefficient changed from positive to negative in the middle and late 1990s.The interannual and decadal variation characteristics of the soil temperature in the range of 0~20 cm and air temperature and the variation characteristics of the soil temperature for the extended-range were analyzed by using EEMD.The results show that from 1980 to 2016, the shallow soil temperature and air temperature in Jianghuai region fluctuated and rose, in which the climate inclination rate of the 0 cm soil temperature was 0.65 ℃·(10a)-1, and the rise was greater than that of the air temperature and the 5~20 cm soil temperature.The cycles of the IMF1 and IMF2 components of the four-layer shallow soil temperature and air temperature after EEMD decomposition were quasi-3 and quasi-7-years, and the amplitude in the 1980s was smaller than that in the following years, it means that the shallow soil temperature and air temperature were stable and less variable in the 1980s, and the fluctuation amplitude increased in the 1990s.Interannual change is dominant in the long-term variation of air temperature and shallow soil temperature from 0 to 20 cm in Jianghuai region.The climatological normal of 0~20 cm soil temperature in 36 years was decomposed.The extension scale cycles of the shallow soil temperature of each station in Jianghuai region are basically distributed in two cycles of quasi-12 to 16 and quasi-26 to 33 days.
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